Comprehensive Study of Systems that Support the Families of Patients in the Hospital

本研究的目的是确定适当的系统，支持住院病人的家庭。结果表明：1.对45名住院和门诊患者家属的访谈结果表明，住院患者家属在生活的各个方面都存在与照顾住院患者家属有关的困难。他们在没有家人支持的情况下照顾病人，他们担心医生、护士、邻居、同事，对333名医院和社区护理管理者的家庭关怀情况进行调查，结果表明：社区护理管理者对家庭关怀的支持程度较高，对家庭关怀的评价较好对家庭的影响比医院里的人更积极。大部分医院的护士管理者认为家庭是病人背景的一部分，但社区的护士管理者意识到家庭也需要照顾和支持。在美国，关心家庭照顾的先进医院有一个在病房里安排病例管理员的制度。他们通过协调医院的专业人员，提供患者护理教育，进行出院计划等，从入院到出院一直支持家庭。日本一些医院的出院计划部门为出院后可能会遇到一些问题的患者和家庭提供支持。这些部门最重要的功能之一是将病人和家属转介给他们所在社区的健康和福利组织以及其他专业人员。这些结果表明，护士个案管理系统是一个适当的系统，以支持医院病人的家属。讨论了未来支持住院家庭的政治问题。

The purpose of this study was to identify appropriate systems that support the families of hospital inpatients. The results were as follows.1.The results of interviews with 45 families of hospital inpatients and outpatients showed that the families had difficulties in all areas of their lives related to the care of the hospitalized family member. They cared for the patients without support from persons outside of the family, and they worried about the physicians, nurses, neighbors, coworkers, other family members and the patients in same room as their family members.2.The results of a survey on caring for families among 333 nurse administrators in hospitals and communities show that nurse administrators in the communities are more supportive of families and evaluated their caring for the family more positively than their counterparts in hospitals. Most nurse administrators in hospitals think of families as part of the background of the patient, but those in the communities realize that families also need care and support.3.In the USA, advanced hospitals concerned with family caring have a system that places case managers in the wards. They support families consistently from admission to discharge by coordinating professionals in their hospitals, providing education about patient care, conducting discharge planning, etc. The discharge planning sections of some hospitals in Japan support patients and families who are expected to have some problems after discharge. One of the most important functions of these sections is to refer patients and families to health and welfare organizations and other professionals in their communities.These results indicate that the nurse case manager system is an appropriate system to support families of hospital patients. Political issues to support families in hospital in the future were discussed.