Studies on the epidemiology of Bartonellosis in Japan and pathogenicity of Bartonella henselae

我们在日本首次从一例36岁猫抓病男性患者的腹股沟淋巴结中分离出汉赛巴尔通体。根据淋巴结活检和血液样本中汉赛B.henselae DNA的聚合酶链反应、生物体分离、淋巴结组织学和间接免疫荧光抗体试验的血清学进行诊断。我们还分析了5株90株淋巴结分离株的基因组图谱，通过脉冲凝胶电泳后Not I内切酶消化。我们发现了两个不同的基因组图谱。这些结果表明，该患者已合并感染或再次感染两种基因不同的菌株的B.henselae. B. henselae，弓形虫，猫免疫缺陷病毒（FIV）和猫白血病病毒（FeLV）感染的血清阳性率进行了调查，在1,447家猫来自日本北部（北海道）南部（冲绳县）。在被调查的猫中 ...更多信息 、汉赛B.henselae血清阳性率分别为8.8%（128/1，447）、弓形虫血清阳性率为5.4%（78/1，447）、FIV血清阳性率为9.8%（107/1，088）、FeLV血清阳性率为2.9%（32/1，088）。为了B。感染汉赛原虫的阳性率1 ~ 2岁猫为11.5%，3岁以上猫为7.2%。室外猫的阳性率（14.5%）高于室内猫（7.0%）。有蚤猫的感染率（13.5%）显著高于无蚤猫（7.4%）。南方和市区的阳性率高于北方和郊区，提示温暖潮湿的环境、猫的密度和饲养状况，包括猫的卫生条件和跳蚤感染可能与汉赛B.henselae感染的较高血清阳性率相关。采用脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）技术，用Not I、Asc I和Sma I酶切，对来自日本、美国和法国的19只家猫的7株汉赛B和3株克拉里奇B进行了研究。所有汉赛B.henselae的基因组模式都有很大的多样性，但B.clarridgeiae分离株的基因组模式没有差异。汉赛B.henselae分离株的DNA大小范围分别为1.7 Mbp和2.9 Mbp，而克拉里奇B.clarridgeiae分离株的DNA大小范围分别为1.7 Mbp。所有13个日本猫分离株均被鉴定为汉赛B.henselae I型。此外，四只日本猫中有三只携带不同的B基因。henselae I型分离株，表明首次与各种I型分离株共感染。一只法国猫和一只美国猫同时感染了汉赛B.henselae和克拉里奇B. clarridgeiae。应用脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）技术对48例临床疑似猫抓病（CSD）患者、159例心血管疾病患者和129名健康兽医学生进行了Henselae的血清学调查。在48例疑似CSD患者中，19例（39.6%）汉赛B-IgG阳性，4例（8.3%）汉赛B-IgM阳性。159例心血管病患者中，汉氏B-IgG阳性5例（3.1%）。在健康兽医学生中，14/129例（10.9%）汉赛B-IgG阳性，1/129例（0.8%）汉赛B-IgM阳性。疑似CSD患者汉赛B-IgG、-IgM阳性率明显高于其他来源。在疑似CSD和健康汉赛B.henselae抗体阳性者中，大多数与猫有一定接触。在疑似CSD患者中，汉赛B.henselae阳性率女性明显高于男性，且B.少

We isolated Bartonella henselae from an inguinal lymph node of a 36-year-old male patient with cat-scratch disease for the first time in Japan. The diagnosis was made on the basis of polymerase chain reaction for B.henselae DNA from the lymph node biopsies and blood sample, and isolation of the organism, histology of the lymph node and serology with an indirect immunofluorescent antibody test. We also analyzed the genome profiles for five strains of 90 isolates from the lymph node by pulsed-gel electrophoresis after Not I endonuclease digestion. We found two different genomic profiles. These results suggest that the patient had been either co-infected or re-infected with two genetically different strains of B.henselae.Seroprevalence of B.henselae, Toxoplasma gondii, feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infections was investigated in 1,447 domestic cats derived from the north (Hokkaido) to the south (Okinawa) prefectures in Japan. Of the cats investigated … More , 8.8% (128/1,447) were seropositive to B.henselae, 5.4% (78/1,447) to T.gondii, 9.8% (107/1,088) to FIV, and 2.9% (32/1,088) to FeLV, respectively. For B. henselae infection, the positive rate varied from 11.5% in cats of 1 to <2 years old to 7.2% in those over 3 years old. Outdoor cats showed higher positive rate (14.5%) than that (7.0%) in indoor ones. The rate (13.5%) in flea-infested cats was significantly higher than that (7.4%) in flea-negative cats. The positive rates in southern and urban sites were more likely to be higher than those in northern and suburban sites, suggesting that warm and humid environments, density of cat population, and raising status, including hygienic condition and flea-infestation in cats may correlate to higher seroprevalence of B.henselae infection.The genomic DNA diversity of twenty-seven B.henselae and three B.clarridgeiae isolates from nineteen domestic cats from Japan, the U.S.A. and France was investigated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) with Not I, Asc I and Sma I restriction enzymes. A great diversity of genomic patterns was found for all B.henselae, but none for B.clarridgeiae isolates. The DNA size of B.henselae isolates ranged between 1.7 Mbp and 2.9 Mbp and 1.7 Mbp for B.clarridgeiae, respectively. All 13 Japanese cat isolates were identified as B.henselae type I. Furthermore, three of the four Japanese cats harbored genetically different B. henselae type I isolates, suggesting for the first time co-infection with various type I isolates. One French cat and one American cat were co-infected with B.henselae and B.clarridgeiae. B.henselae type I and type II were mainly grouped in two different clusters by PFGE using Sma I endonuclease in the dendrogram.Seroprevalence of B.henselae was investigated in 48 clinically suspected cat scratch disease (CSD) individuals, 159 patients with cardiovascular diseases and 129 healthy veterinary students in Japan. Of 48 CSD-suspected patients examined, 19 (39.6%) were positive for B.henselae-IgG, and 4 (8.3%) for B.henselae-IgM. Of 159 patients with cardiovascular diseases, 5 (3.1%) were positive for B.henselae-IgG. In healthy veterinary students, 14 of 129 (10.9%) were positive for B.henselae-IgG, and 1 (0.8%) for B.henselae-IgM, respectively. Positive rates of B.henselae-IgG and-IgM in CSD-suspected patients were significantly higher than those in other sources. Most of CSD-suspected and healthy individuals who were positive for B.henselae antibody had some contacts with cats. In CSD-suspected patients, B.henselae positive rate in females was significantly higher than that in males, and high seropositive rates to B.henselae were found in younger age groups. Less