The Reviews of the Archaeological Relics Excavated in Shanxi Province during Japan's Occupation

我们主要研究了1938年至1944年，京都东华文化学院（京都大学人文研究所的前身）对云冈及其周边地区的佛洞寺进行研究的晋北地区出土的考古资料。水野诚一教授和永广俊夫教授已经发表了长达16卷的“云康”研究报告。但就出土文物而言，部分具有较高艺术价值的文物得到了部分报道，而大部分的考古陶片和瓦片却没有得到重视。今年调查的发现如下：云干洞庙、北魏、辽金十九至二十窟、北魏西山鬼庙遗址、北魏东山鬼庙遗址、辽代龙神庙遗址、北魏西凉鬼庙遗址、新石器时代八木地遗址、云干洞庙对面、大同市平城遗址、大同东南西天遗址、大同东南徐同遗址、大同东南徐同遗址。大同东南部贵人遗址，大同北部北魏房山遗址，应县东丈寨遗址。云冈石窟有大石窟21个，中石窟20个，小石窟无数，壁龛无数，显示了北魏的精湛工艺。砂岩的悬崖被切割和雕刻成洞穴，这些洞穴并排排列，距离约1公里。只有洞穴V， VI和VII仍然有木结构遮挡入口。直到最近，第8洞穴才有这样的结构，其他洞穴似乎曾经存在过。在一些洞穴中发现了许多属于辽金王朝的屋顶瓦片。从1940年对XX洞的发掘所获得的知识来看，当时发现了大量的瓦片和陶器，所有洞穴的正面似乎都有北魏和辽金时期的木制寺庙保护。发掘了西崖顶和三窟，发现了寺庙建筑的遗迹。在再往东一点的小山上，发现了北魏时期的支柱基石。根据这些，我们可以毫无疑问地假设，洞穴外的山上曾经矗立着许多建筑物，而水边则是一排亭子，这是《水井柱》中所记载的。少

We have mainly researched into the archaeological materials excavated in the northern part of Shanxi province where Kyoto Institute of Toho-Bunka-Gakuin (predecessor of Institute for Research in Humanities, Kyoto University) researched the Buddhist cave-temples of Yungang and that circumference area from 1938 to 1944. Professor Seiichi Mizuno and Toshio Nagahiro had already published the giant 16 volumes of the research reports of "YUN-KANG". But, as for the excavated relics, some of them with high artistical values were partly reported, but most of the archaeological potsherds and rooftiles have not been taken note.The discovery remains investigated in this year are as the following ; Yungan Cave-temples, Cave XIX-XX of Northern Wei and Liao-Jin period, Western Hill ghost-temple site of Northern Wei period, Eastern Hill ghost-temple site of Northern Wei period, Longshen-Miao site of Liao Period, the Xiliang ghost-temple site of Northern Wei period, Basumudi site of Neolithic period, t … More he opposite side of Yungan Cave-temples, Pingcheng site in Datong city, Xicetian site in South-East Datong, Xutong site in South-East Datong, Guiren site in South-East Datong, Fangshan site of Northern Wei period in North Datong, Dongzhangzhai site in Yingxian.Yungang caves comprise 21 large, 20 medium, and numerous small caves as well as countless niches which show the splendid workmanship of the Northern Wei dynasty. The cliffs of sandstone were cut and carved to form caves which stand side by side for a distance of about 1 km. Only Caves V, VI and VII still have wooden structures to shelter their entrance. Cave VIII had such a structure until recently and others seem once to have existed. In some caves were found many roof tiles belonging to the Liao-Jin dynasty. Judging also from knowledge gained in the excavation of Cave XX in 1940, when a large number of roof tiles and earthen vessels were found, the fronts of all the caves seem to have been protected by wooden temples at the time of the Northern Wei and Liao-Jin dynasty. The top of the western cliff was excavated, as well as that of Cave III, and here ruins of temple buildings were found. On a hill further to the east, a pillar foundation stone of the Northern Wei dynasty were found. From these we may assume without dought that, indeed, there once stood on the hill outside the caves a number of buildings while by the water's edge was a row of pavilions as recorded in the Shuijing-zhu. Less