Classicism and the Reception of Goethe in 19^<th> Century Germany-The Development of a Canon and the Function of Memory and Tradition

19世纪，德国民族文学发展起来，而与此同时，歌德也成为德国的经典。在本项目中，对这一发展过程中的以下现象进行了分析。温克尔曼对古希腊经典的热情和对他自己时代的批评作为话语的来源，其中歌德被视为重生的古代经典。歌德和席勒被看作是他们那个时代的迪奥斯库里。从早期浪漫主义的原则看歌德的《大师》。歌德作品的“不育症”（海涅对浪漫主义学派的批判）经典的发展-选择和拒绝的过程，歌德的偶像化。乔治·布赫曼的《歌德语录集》。经典文学作品的大量出版。作为学校课题的简编文学史。歌德的“人人都能读懂文学的人”计划。崇拜歌德作品的女读者（多萝西娅和贝蒂娜）。歌德和贝蒂娜的通信以及当时邮资系统的作用。歌德是女性幻想的对象。歌德地位的确立。歌德的经典化对19世纪德国民族文学的发展起着重要的作用。对古希腊经典的热情在德国比在英国或法国要强烈得多，这与对歌德及其作品的崇拜密切相关。

In 19^<th> century a German national literature developed, and it was at the same time, that Goethe became a German classic. In this project the following phenomena concerning this development were analyzed.1.The enthusiasm of Winckelmann for the ancient Greek classics and the criticism of his own time as source of the discourse in which Goethe is seen as a reborn ancient classic.2.Goethe and Schiller seen as Dioscuri of their time.3.How to read Gothe's "Meister" based on the principles of the early romanticism.4.The "infertility" of Goethe's works (Heine's criticism of the Romantic School)5.The development of a canon - the process of selection and rejection, the idolization of Goethe.6.Georg Buchmann's collection of citations from Goethe.7.The mass publication of classical works of literature.8.Abridged literature history as school topics.9.Goethe's planning of a "Reader of Literature for Everybody".10.Female readers adoring Goethe's work (Dorothea and Bettina).11.Goethe's and Bettina's correspondence and the role of the postage system at that time.12.Goethe as subject of female phantasies.13.The erection of Goethe status.The turning of Goethe into a classic plays an important part in the development of a German national literature in the 19^<th> century. The enthusiasm for the ancient Greek classics, which is much stronger in Germnay than it is for example in England or in France is closely connected to the adoration of Goehte and his works.