Comparative Genocide Studies -Europe under the Nazi Regime during the World War II

这项研究的目的是为种族灭绝比较研究建立一个理论框架，目前这些研究归类于日本人文和社会科学的一个未被探索的领域。我调查了几种形式的种族灭绝和种族灭绝案件，这些案件发生在纳粹政权统治下的欧洲。首先，分析了纳粹德国大规模移民政策导致犹太人大规模屠杀的历史进程。第二，德国的占领政策和德国军队在第二次世界大战期间在东部前线发动的“歼灭战”，我将它们与二战期间日本在中国发动的战争进行了比较，并提出了“种族清洗”和“战争中的种族灭绝”的分析概念。第三，我重新审视了1948年联合国公约对种族灭绝的法律定义，建议将其定位为“狭义种族灭绝”，并将“种族清洗”和肇事者任意将受害群体确定为“广义种族灭绝”的案件重新定位。在研究的后半部分，我将范围扩大到欧洲内外的其他案件，如德国在前德意志西南部的赫雷罗人和纳马人的种族灭绝(在现在的纳米比亚)，第一次世界大战期间土耳其在奥斯曼帝国对亚美尼亚人的种族灭绝和第二次世界大战期间克罗地亚对塞尔维亚人的种族灭绝。从比较的角度审查了这些种族灭绝，包括纳粹种族灭绝。其中提到了种族主义、全面战争、领土扩张和科学的作用。除了这项研究，我还在JSPS创立的“人文社会科学新研究倡议”的框架内，成立并领导了一个新的研究项目--种族灭绝比较研究(CGS)。

The purpose of this research was to establish a theoretical framework for the comparative genocide studies, currently grouped in an unexplored area of the humanities and social sciences in Japan. I examined several forms of genocides and genocidal cases which took place in Europe under the Nazi regime. Firstly, I analyzed the historical process of the large-scale resettlement policy of the Nazi Germany leading to the mass killing of Jews. Secondly, the German occupation policy and the "annihilation war" waged by the German army at the Eastern front during the World War II. I compared them with the Japanese warfare in China during the World War II. Besides, I developed the analytical concepts of "ethnic cleansing" and of "genocide in war". Thirdly, I reexamined the legal definition of genocide adopted by the UN convention in 1948 and proposed to position it as the "narrow sense of genocide", and to reposition "ethnic cleansing" and cases in which the perpetrators arbitrarily establish the groups to be victimized as the "broad sense of genocide".In the second half of the research, I extended the scope toward other cases in-and outside Europe, such as the German genocide of the Herero and the Nama in the former German South West Africa (in present Namibia), the Turkish genocide of Armenians in the Ottoman Empire during the World War I and the Croatian genocide of Serbs during the World War II. These genocides including the Nazi genocide were examined from comparative point of view. The references of which were the role of racism, total war, territorial expansion and sciences. Alongside this research, I have formed and led a new research project, the Comparative Genocide Studies (CGS) within the framework of the "New Research Initiative in Humanities and Social Sciences" founded by the JSPS.