Differences between colonial and solitary corals

在殖民珊瑚中，同系移植物总是融合，而在孤生珊瑚中，同系个体在接触时不会融合。虽然殖民模式和孤立模式之间的差异在生态学上很重要，但很少有人研究导致孤立珊瑚和殖民珊瑚之间生理和形态差异的机制。本研究的目的是阐明机制，产生之间的差异孤生珊瑚和殖民corals.To调查是否孤生珊瑚显示殖民字符在早期阶段的发展，我们观察了形态发生模式的年轻息肉再生组织碎片的孤生珊瑚Fungia spp。并使用从同一个体的组织中再生的克隆息肉进行接触实验。当两个以上的息肉从一个组织碎片再生时，它们保持菌落形式5-13个月的观察期。当再生的息肉来自同一个体时， ...更多信息 当它们接触时，它们融合了。在1例病例中，融合发生在柄部，而非椎间盘。有些群体形式分离成个体，而另一些则通过整合，即触手环和嘴的融合而变成单独的形式。目前的研究结果表明，孤立的珊瑚，如真菌在早期阶段的更新表现出殖民地的字符。由原生水螅（沉淀的浮板）形成的Pocilloppora damicornis菌落与由成虫菌落分支顶端再生的菌落具有不同的生长形态。在9个月的观察期内，来自初级息肉的年轻集落从集落的中心区域形成至少一个分支，而从成年分支尖端（3-5 mm长）再生的集落从未形成分支。结果表明，随着年龄的增长，棉角蚜群体的分支发生率逐渐降低。这一发现可能为从分子水平上分析珊瑚分支形成的机制开辟了道路。我们尝试用组织相容性分析和分子标记来区分珊瑚Pocilloppora damicornis的克隆。我们发现微卫星标记PV 5和PV 7具有一定的多态性，但不能检测到同胞之间或父母与子女之间的遗传差异。结果表明，ITS 1序列在红角滨珊瑚中具有高度的变异性，可以应用于珊瑚种群内克隆结构的研究。少

In colonial corals, isografts invariably fuse, while, in solitary corals, isogeneic individuals do not fuse when they are brought into contact. Although the differences between colonial and solitary modes are ecologically important, few researches have been conducted on the mechanisms that cause physiological and morphological differences between solitary and colonial corals. The present study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms that produce the differences between solitary and colonial corals.To investigate whether solitary corals show colonial characters at early stages of development, we observed morphogenetic patterns of young polyps regenerated from tissue fragments of solitary corals Fungia spp. and did contact experiments using clonal polyps regenerated from tissues of the same individuals. When more than two polyps were regenerated from a tissue fragment, they remained as colonial form for 5-13 months observation period. When regenerated polyps derived from the same individual we … More re brought into contact, they fused. In one case, fusion occurred at stalk but not at disc. Some colonial forms separated into individual polyps while others changed to solitary form by integration, that is, fusion of tentacular rings and mouths. The present results suggest that solitary corals like Fungia showed colonial characters at early stages of regeneration. It has been suggested that Fungia acquire solitary characters when they from discs.Colonies of Pocillopora damicornis derived from primary polyps (settled planulae) and those regenerated from branch tips of adult colonies assumed different growth forms. Young colonies derived from primary polyps formed at least one branch from the central region of a colony, while colonies regenerated from adult branch tips(3-5 mm long) never formed branches during the nine months observation period. The results suggest that the rate of branch origination of P.damicornis colonies decreases with age. This Finding may open the way to analyze the mechanism of branch formation in corals at molecular level.We attempted to distinguish clones of a coral Pocillopora damicornis using histocompatibility assay and molecular markers. We found that microsatelite markers PV5 and PV7 were polymorphic to some extent but failed to detect genetic differences between siblings or between parent and offspring. We found that ITS1 sequences are highly variable in P.damicornis and pan be applied to studies on clonal structure within populations of the coral. Less