Immobilization of Aqueous Heavy Metals with Non-apatites-type Apatites

摘要被描述为以下飞机提交的项目。2002年报告1：基于溶解沉淀机理，发现磷酸钙和磷酸氢钙能固定水中的重金属。特别是磷酸一氢钙对多种重金属具有固定化作用。雷河2003年的平面2：硫酸镁和钙揭示了。对水中铅有很高的去除能力，表明这些硫酸盐可以作为汽车电池废液的固定剂。2003年报告1：作为固定化试剂，提供价格低廉且具有更大溶解度的磷酸氢钠和磷酸氢钾。这些碱性磷酸氢盐在30 mm范围内表现出良好的可去除性，这表明固定化能力的性质不是羟基磷灰石所独有的，而是各种磷酸盐的共同性质。2003年报道2：磷酸盐和氨水与氧化镁和氯化镁能很好地固定，制得磷酸铝镁(MAP)，可用作缓效肥料。尤其是固定化过程中pH的调节对于固定化的顺利进行是非常重要的。固相~(31)P-MAS核磁共振结果表明，虽然X射线衍射仪只提供了MAP的信号，但很难得到高纯度的MAP。2003年第3版：人们已经知道，用各种磷酸盐固定重金属水溶液后回收的固体由于结晶度低而不能用X射线衍射仪鉴定。而用磷酸氢钾固定铜(II)离子得到的固体经X射线衍射和固体31P MAS核磁共振鉴定为Cu(P04)(OH)2。

The summary was described as followed the projects planes submitted. Re.Plane 1 on 2002 : Based on the dissolution precipitation mechanism, it was found that calcium phosphate and calcium hydrogen phosphates could immobilize aqueous heavy metals. Particularly calcium monohydrogen phosphate could immobilize various heavy metals. Re. Plane 2 on 2003 : Magnesium and calcium sulfates revealed the. great removabilities of aqueous lead, indicating that those sulfates could be employed as a immobilization reagent from waste solutions in car-batteries. Re.Plane 1 on 2003 : Sodium and than potassium hydrogen phosphates, which are cheap and possess greater solubilities phosphates ever employed, were supplied as the immobilization reagents. Those alkali hydrogen phosphates afforded the excellent removabilities within 30 mm, indicating that the nature of the immobilization abilities is not unique for calcium hydroxyapatite but common properties for various phosphates. Re.Plane 2 on 2003 : Aqueous phosphate and ammonia, could be favorablely immobilized with magnesia and magnesium chloride to afford magnesium aluminum phosphate (MAP), which can be used as a slow-acting fertilizer. Particularly the adjustment of pH during the immobilization was found to be important to proceed smoothly for the immobilization. Solid state 31P MAS NMR showed that it was rather difficult to obtain high pure MAP although XRD afforded signals only due to MAP. Re.Plane 3 on 2003 : It has been already known that the solids recovered from the immobilization of aqueous heavy metals with various phosphates cannot be identified by XRD due to low crystalline. However the solid recovered from the immobilization of copper (II) ion with potassium hydrogen phosphate could be identified as Cu(P04)(OH)2 by the combination of XRD and solid state 31P MAS NMR.