Solving Geometrical Puzzles by the True Slime Mold and Its Intracellular Computational Algorithm

利用绒泡菌（Physarum plasmodium）的单个巨大变形虫细胞，进行了有关细胞智能的非常规实验，并构建了基于非线性细胞内动力学的数学模型，阐明了计算算法。(1)有机体解决了诸如迷宫问题、斯坦纳问题、费马问题等几何难题。(2)脉网的形成受最小路径长度、保证不破裂和最小危险性等因素的权衡控制。（3）建立了基于耦合振子的数学模型，该模型考虑了质量守恒和粘弹性的区域差异。该模型模拟了在绒泡菌中观察到的同步振荡模式。(4)考虑脉状体形成的适应机制，建立了数学模型。该模型模拟了绒泡菌、Steiner问题和Fermart问题的迷宫求解过程。

With use of the single giant amoeboid cell of the Physarum plasmodium, we performed unconventional experiments concerning cellular intelligence and also constructed mathematical models based on nonlinear intracellular dynamics for clarifying computational algorithm. (1) The organism solved such geometrical puzzles as maze problems, Steiner problems, Fermart problems. (2) The formation of vein networks was governed by the trade-off among minimum path-length, assurance for not-breaking apart, and minimum danger, etc. (3) Mathematical models were constructed based on a coupled oscillators where the conservation of mass and the regional difference of the visco-elastic properties were taken into account. The model simulated synchronous oscillation patterns observed in the Physarum. (4) A mathematical model was constructed by taking into adaptive mechanism for the formation of veins. The model simulated maze solving by the Physarum, Steiner problems and Fermart problems.