Short-term Evaluation of a Life Skills-based Smoking, Drinking and Substance Use Prevention Program

这项为期三年的纵向研究的目的是测试以个人和社会技能（生活技能）为重点的综合药物使用预防计划的有效性。本研究以新泻县两所初中七年级学生（230人）为研究对象。2004年3月，对所有学生进行了自尊、社交技能、压力应对技能、吸烟、饮酒、吸毒态度和行为的问卷预测。预测后，实验学校的学生参加了一个以生活技能为基础的物质预防项目（七年级17节课，八年级10节课）。后测分别在每学年结束时进行。第一后测阶段的结果表明，以生活技能发展为重点的综合药物使用预防项目在提高自尊、社交技能和压力应对技能以及增加对药物使用的消极态度方面是有效的，尤其是对女孩。第二个后测阶段的结果也表明，以生活技能发展为重点的综合药物使用预防项目在提高自尊、社交技能和应对包括媒体和同伴压力在内的社会压力的自我效能方面是有效的，尤其是对女孩。后测结果表明，以生活技能为基础的综合方案有可能在日本青少年中预防吸烟、饮酒和使用非法药物。

The purpose of this three-year longitudinal study is to test the effectiveness of a comprehensive substance use prevention program focusing on personal and social skills (life skills).The subjects for this study were the students (230) from the 7th grade of two junior high schools in the Niigata prefecture.In March 2004, all students were pretested by questionnaire for 1) self-esteem, 2) social skills, 3) stress coping skills, 4) attitude and behaviors of cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and use of illegal drugs. After the pretest, the students in the experimental school participated in a life skills based substance prevention program (17 lessons at the 7th grade and 10 lessons at the 8th grade). The posttest was conducted at the end of each school year, respectively.The results at the first posttest stage suggested that the comprehensive substance use prevention program focusing on life skills development was effective in enhancing self-esteem, social skills and stress coping skills and increasing negative attitude toward substance use, especially for girls.The results at the second posttest stage also suggested that the comprehensive substance use prevention program focusing on life skills development was effective in enhancing self-esteem, social skills and increasing self-efficacy of dealing with social pressures including media and peer pressures, especially for girls.The results of the posttests suggested the possibility of the life skills-based comprehensive program in preventing cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and use of illegal drugs among Japanese adolescents.