Follow-up Study of Intergenerational Relationships and Attitudes toward Old Age among Middle-aged Women in Rural Area

摘要本研究旨在了解农村中年妇女的代际关系与老年态度。研究小组研究分别于1982年、1993年和2005年在静冈县冈部町的朝日地区进行，共对253名年龄在53岁至82岁之间的已婚妇女进行了三次调查。本研究的结果如下：1。对于80年代全职农场家庭的中年妇女来说，所有家庭成员都参与工作和家庭生活是一种命运，因此工作和家庭生活可以维持“协作的代际关系”。然而，自1990年以来，兼职农场家庭的数量有所增加，婆婆对儿媳的家务和育儿任务提供了一定的支持。婆婆和媳妇之间的这种“互补合作代际关系”缓解了婆婆和媳妇之间的紧张和冲突，从而有助于提高媳妇的整体满意度。在亚洲地区，母系家庭制度是公认的规范。普遍的stem家庭模式是长子和他的妻子从结婚生活开始就和长子的父母住在一起。20世纪90年代发生的家庭模式变化的特点是，未婚长子的数量不断增加，而且越来越多的长子在农业以外的行业工作，与父母分开居住。截至2005年，“只要我和丈夫身体健康，就与子女家庭分开生活”和“与已婚子女分开生活或保持生活方式”的愿望有所增加。

The purpose of this study is to clarify the inter-generational relationships and attitudes toward old age among middle-aged women in rural area. In study panel studies were conducted in 1982,1993,and 2005 in the Asahina region of Okabe-cho, Shizuoka Prefecture. 253 married women between 53 and 82 years of age were interviewed in three times survey.The result of this study are as follows.1.To the middle-aged women in full-time farm families during the 1980s, it was a destiny that all family members participated in both work and family life, and thus work and family life could sustain the "collaborative inter-generational relationships". However, since 1990,the number of part-time farm families has increased, and mother-in-law have provided some support for housework and child rearing tasks of their daughters-in-law. Such "complementary cooperation intergenerational relationship" between mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law relieves tension and conflict between them, thereby helping to improve the level of overall satisfaction of daughter-in-law.2.In the Asahina region, the stem family system was the well-established norm. The prevalent stem family pattern was one in which the eldest son and his wife lived with the eldest son's parents from the start of their married life. Changes in family patterns that occurred in the 1990s have been characterized by rising numbers of unmarried eldest sons and also the rising numbers of eldest sons who have jobs outside of the agricultural industry and live in separate households from their parents. As of 2005,wishes "to live separately from a child's family as long as my husband and I are in good health" and "to live separately household or to maintain lifestyles separate from married children" have increased.