General Research for Sino-Japanese Composition Books in Bakumatsu-Meiji

通过对幕府末期至明治时代的中日作文本特点的全面考察和分析，阐明了如下事实：1.虽然幕府末期至明治时代是日本的公刑更替时期，但中日作文所起的作用肯定是非常大的；2)作为汉语写作的补充文体的昆都台，由于实用性的高度和能够以汉语写作为范本的原因，直到近代早期才作为一种公共文体被广泛使用。3)昆都文所能表现的对象比以往的任何文体都要广泛，并在小学教育中迅速传播，因为它是一种容易教授的文体，对于将汉语写作作为基础研究和学习…的人来说，它是一种容易教授的文体更容易。4)当《国度面包》在教育网站上承担日语朗读句子的传播时，以-Shubun Kihan和《Kiji Ronsetsu Bunrei》等作文书籍为标准，以及由《卫材新世纪》等作文杂志进行的竞争发挥了很大作用。5)尽管在以往的日文风格研究中，侧重于通过翻译西文来改变日文风格，近代最具商业意义的是书面和口头语言风格相统一的观点很强烈，但通过对该作文书籍的研究，明确了必须在近代后期汉语写作教育的大背景下关注汉语外来语的传播。6)汉语外来语的使用也是有效的，与新的观念和文化相对应，而汉语外来语可以说是一种高效运作的文体。从上述研究到现代文体研究，一个新的发现是，到目前为止，主要考虑翻译和书面语统一的倾向很强。较少

The following facts were clarified by covering investigation and the analysis of the characteristic of the Sino-Japanese composition book at the period from the end of shogunate to the Meiji era.1)The role that the Kundoku-tai(Sino-Japanese) played must be extremely large though the period period from the end of shogunate to the Meiji era that was periods of the change of public sentences in Japan, and the establishment periods of a suitable sentences for modern ages.2)The Kundoku-tai that had been used for the Chinese writing as a supplementary style came must to be used widely as a public style until the early modern age for two reasons for the practicality height and being able to use the Chinese writing as a model of the style.3)The object that was able to be shown by the Kundoku-bun was wider than any past style, and spread quickly in educating the elementary and primary because it was a style that taught easily for people who studied the Chinese writing as basic study and learnt … More easily.4)When the Kundoku-bun undertook the spread of the Japanese reading sentence on an educational site The standard by the composition books such as-Shubun Kihan" and "Kiji Ronsetsu Bunrei'", and the competitions by the composition magazine such as "Eisai Shinshi" played a big role.5)Though, in the past research for Japanese style, the emphasis is put on the change of the style by having translated the book on the West, and the idea of which the Merkmal of modern ages is the appearance of the unification of written and spoken language style was strong, by the research of the composition book, it was clarified that had to pay attention to the spread of the Kundoku-bun in the background of the Chinese writing education after the latter term of the early modern age.6)The Kundoku-bun was effective also to the use of a new Chinese loanword corresponding to a new concept and the culture, and the Kundoku-bun was style to operate a new Chinese loanword efficiently so to speak. A new finding was able to be brought from the above-mentioned to the modern style research that the tendency to think mainly about the translation and the unification of written and spoken language was strong up to now. Less