A 'Parallel and Contrast' study of Natural Environment and Resources Use in the Early Modern Villages : the utilisation of the fileds and commons in English and Japanese rural societies in the period of the Growth of the Market Econom

该项目是对早期现代村庄自然环境和资源利用的“平行和对比”研究，特别关注市场经济增长时期英国和日本农村社会对田野和公地的利用。近年来，在全球对环境问题的兴趣普遍增加的背景下，经济史学家越来越关注环境问题。然而，我们对土地的实际使用情况，包括土地（稻田）的改造，开山耕作或利用山地土地的实证研究很少。这种耕地的开发与市场经济有着密切的联系，从环境的角度来看，我们可以与英国的Willingham， cambs等村庄进行比较，我们已经建立了一个全面的历史数据库。因此，这项微观研究的目的是关注长野县上田县上盐尻县的土地使用情况。在收集了尽可能多的文献、地图、航拍照片后，我们完成了一个关于土地使用、土地的社会和经济历史以及作为景观因素一部分的公地的数据库。18世纪，村里三分之一的耕地由稻田变成了桑田。这似乎是由于这一时期在全国市场扩张的鼓励下，以蚕卵业为中心的丝绸工业得到了发展。作为研究项目的结果，该小组发现了几批文件，包括在神盐尻的佐藤龙一先生的文件，大约有10,000份文件。佐藤家族一直被认为是村里的主要成员。此外，我们还发现了几乎不为人知的神石尻住宅数据集，这些数据集是由Kogakuin大学山崎和夫教授的团队编制的。目前，该小组正在准备用英语和日语出版神盐尻的专著3卷。除了专著之外，我们还从当前研究提供的各种角度对英国村庄进行了比较，特别是Willingham。少

This project is a 'parallel and contrast' study of the use of the natural environment and resources in early modern villages, in particular focusing on the utilisation of the fields and commons in English and Japanese rural societies in the period of the growth of the market economy. Recently economic historians have been paying more attention to the environment, against the background of the general increase in global interest in environmental issues. However, we have few empirical studies in on how the lands were actually used including the transformation of land (rice paddy), the clearance of the mountains for cultivation or the use of land in the mountains. Such development of the cultivated land is closely connected with the market economy, and it would be possible to make a comparison with English villages including Willingham, Cambs. where we have already established a comprehensive historical database, from the environmental view. This micro-study has therefore aimed to focus o … More n land usage in Kami-shiojiri, Ueda, Nagano. Having gained as many documents, maps, aerial photographs going back as far as possible, we have completed a database on land use and the social and economic history of the land as well as the commons as part of the landscape factors. In the eighteenth century, one third of the village's cultivated land was changed from rice paddies to mulberry fields. This seems to have been attributable to the development of the silk industries centerd on the silk worm eggs industry encouraged by the national market expansion of this period.As a result of the research project, the group has uncovered several collections of documents including the collection of documents, approximately 10,000 units of documents belonging to Mr.Ryuuichi Sato at Kami-shiojiri. The Satos have been considered the leading member of the village. Also we have found the almost unknown data set of the Kamishiojiri housings which had been compiled by Professor Kazuo Yamazaki's group at Kogakuin University.Currently, the group is preparing the publication of the 3 volumes of the monograph of Kami-shiojiri in English and Japanese. In addition to the monographs, we are comparing the English villages, in particular Willingham, from the various perspectives provided by the current research. Less