Research on More Understandable Shosaiyomi, Explanatory Expressions Used in Screen Readers for Visually Impaired Persons

Shosaiyomi是一组用于向盲人电脑用户解释汉字的语音表达。本研究的目的是分析影响松子词形可理解性的因素，在此基础上开发一套新的松子词形，并对其进行评价。我们分析了屏幕阅读器产品shosaiyomi的单词熟悉度和成分，发现随着难度的增加，(1)单词熟悉度降低，(2)成分及其组合的数量增加。我们对小学儿童对《教育基础词汇》中所选词汇的熟悉程度进行了调查，发现词汇熟悉程度的平均值随着这些词汇首次出现在教科书中的年级而有显著的变化。我们以成人为对象进行了汉字书写测试。他们的平均正确率比小学生高30%。这表明，更多的学龄儿童表现较差源于他们相对较小的词汇量。考虑到学龄儿童的词汇量和词汇熟悉度特点，我们开发了一套新的1006个教育汉字的shosaiyomi。为了对其进行评价，以小学生为对象进行了汉字书写测试。结果表明，该测试的平均正确率高于传统屏幕阅读器产品的shosaiyomi测试。考虑到用户的词汇量和词汇熟悉度特征，我们开发了一套新的shosaiyomi，用于2965个日本标准1级的汉字。为了评价这一点，我们以大学生为对象进行了汉字书写测试。结果表明，由熟悉度较高的单词组成的一组shosaiyomi的平均正确率明显高于由不熟悉度较低的单词组成的另一组。提出了一种以词为单位解释成对汉字意义的新策略。具有此功能的原型程序得到了测试用户的好评。少

Shosaiyomi is a set of expressions used to explain Kanji characters to blind PC users phonetically. The purposes of our research are to analyze the factors which affect the comprehensibility of shosaiyomi, develop a new set of shosaiyomi based on the analysis and evaluate it.1. We analyzed the word familiarity and components of shosaiyomi of screen reader products and found that as the degrees of difficulty increase, (1) the word familiarity lowers, and (2) the numbers of components and their combinations increase.2. We performed a survey on familiarity of elementary school children with words that were selected from "Educational Fundamental Vocabulary" and found that the average of word familiarity significantly changes in accordance with the grade in which the words first appear in the textbooks.3. We have conducted a Kanji writing test with adults as subjects. Their average correct rate was higher than that of elementary school children by 30%. It shows that the lower performance by … More school children stemmed from their relatively smaller vocabulary.4. Taking vocabulary and word familiarity characteristics of school children into account, we developed a new set of shosaiyomi for 1006 Educational Kanji characters. To evaluate it, a Kanji writing test with school children as subjects was conducted. The result was that the average correct rate in this test was higher than that in the test with shosaiyomi of conventional screen reader products.5. Taking vocabulary and word familiarity characteristics of the users into consideration, we developed a new set of shosaiyomi for 2965 JIS 1 level Kanji characters. To evaluate it, we conducted a Kanji writing test with university students as subjects. As a result, a set of shosaiyomi comprising words with higher familiarity gained a significantly higher average correct rate than another set comprising of words with lower familiarity.6. We proposed a new strategy of explaining the meaning of paired Kanji characters by the unit of word. Prototype program with this function gained favorable comments from the test users. Less