Effect of folate contain food and diet on hyperhomocysteinemia and/or insulin resistance in young generation.

中度高同型半胱氨酸血症和胰岛素抵抗被认为是动脉粥样硬化疾病的危险因素。本研究通过对日本年轻一代血清叶酸、血浆同型半胱氨酸浓度与胰岛素抵抗水平的研究，揭示这些参数之间的关系，以期阐明可以同时改善这些参数的饮食组合。（研究1）研究对象为184名日本企业男性员工，年龄20-45岁。测定血清叶酸和血浆同型半胱氨酸、生化指标和维生素浓度，并评估MTHFR基因型。保存饮食记录，计算营养摄入量。结果与讨论：血清叶酸平均浓度为7.1ng/mL，血浆同型半胱氨酸平均浓度为11.1nmol/mL。21%的受试者为中度高同型半胱氨酸血症。HOMA-IR高于2.0的疑似胰岛素抵抗者占31%。在20多岁时，血清叶酸浓度的对数与HOMA-IR的对数呈负相关，与食用高脂肪食物的频率呈负相关。叶酸浓度和胰岛素抵抗状况可能受到城市成年人脂质摄入的影响。（研究2）将女大学生分为日本饮食组和西方饮食组（能量：1800kcal，脂肪百分比：25% VS 32%，胆固醇：200 VS 400mg， PUFA/SFA 1.5 VS 1.0，叶酸：500 VS 250ug）。试验饲粮饲喂7 d。结果与讨论：日本饮食组ldl -胆固醇和ALT水平较西方饮食组降低。血清叶酸浓度升高，但两组胰岛素抵抗参数无差异。在降低血脂浓度和提高叶酸浓度方面，日本饮食比西方饮食更有效。

Moderate hyperhomocysteinemia and insulin resistance are recognized as risk factors for atherosclerotic diseases. We investigated serum folate and plasma homocysteine concentrations and level of insulin resistance to reveal the relationship among these parameters in Japanese young generation, in order to clarify the food and diet combination which can improve all those parameters simultaneously.(Study 1) Subjects were 184 of Japanese male corporation employees, 20-45 years old. Serum folate and plasma homocysteine, biochemical parameters and vitamin concentrations were determined, and MTHFR genotypes were assessed. Dietary records were kept and nutrient intake was calculated. Results & Discussion : The mean serum folate concentration was 7.1ng/mL and the mean plasma homocysteine concentration was 11.1nmol/mL. Twenty-one % of all subjects were moderate hyperhomocysteinemia. Subjects with HOMA-IR above 2.0 suspected insulin resistance accounted for 31%. In the twenties, negative correlation was observed between the log serum folate concentration and log HOMA-IR, and frequency of fatty foods consumption. Folate concentration and condition of insulin resistance were suggested to be influenced by lipid intake in adults in the urban area.(Study 2) Female university students were divided into two intervention groups as Japanese diet and Western diet (energy : 1800kcal, fat en% : 25% VS 32%, cholesterol: 200 VS 400mg, PUFA/SFA 1.5 VS 1.0, folate : 500 VS 250ug) group. Experimental diets were consumed for 7 days. Results & Discussion : In the Japanese diet group, LDL-cholesterol and ALT level decreased compared with the Western diet group. Serum folate concentration increased, however no difference was observed on the parameters of insulin resistance in both the groups. Japanese diet should be more effective than Western diet to decrease serum lipids concentration and increase the serum folate concentration.