Research in the commodeification and formalization of care and the transformation of gender identity

所谓的社会福利基本结构改革将准市场机制引入了日本社会政策竞技场。特别是，在长期护理保险的运作下，老年人护理领域大规模发生了护理商品化。本研究以团体宿舍为核心设施，以全国性的邮寄问卷调查方式，探讨团体宿舍照护工作者的服务需求。调查主要集中在心理压力、情绪化工作、组织承诺、职业承诺、工作满意度、性别形象、对管理人员的主观评价等方面。回报率为26.8%。从机构的法律的地位、机构的规模等属性分析，观察护理服务的商品化、正规化与护理人员心理状况的关系。 ...更多信息 e提供者，实现了多个护理提供者。这项调查的结果表明，在法律的地位方面的分布情况如下：社会福利企业23%、医疗企业22%、非营利企业8%、股份制企业20%、有限责任企业24%。组织承诺和职业承诺。研究结果发现，各营业单位之法律的地位在平均得分上有显著差异。多重比较的结果显示，非营利组织的绩效较好，而医疗机构的绩效较差，这表明简单的营利与非营利假设是不成立的。护理人员在工作场所所做的情感工作量与其专业护理人员的资格没有关系，这表明，与情绪工作相关的技能尚未被承认为专业要求。少

The so-called Reform of Fundamental Structure in Social Welfare introduced the quasi-market mechanism into the Japanese social policy arena. In particular, the commodification of care took place in the field of elderly care at a large scale under the operation of long-term care insurance. The present study conducted a nation-wide mail survey to care workers employed in grouphomes, which is regarded as a core facility in local social welfare system. The survey focused mainly on mental stress, emotional work, organizational commitment, career commitment, job satisfaction, gender image, subjective assessment to managerial staffs and so forth. The return rate is at 26.8%. Analyzing these items with such attributes of the establishments as legal status and the scale of an organization, the research observed how the commodification and formalization of care services relates to the psychological condition of care workers.The long-term care insurance has a relatively loose regulation to servic … More e providers and it realizes the plurality of care providers. The result of this survey shows the following distribution in legal status: 23% of social welfare corporation, 22% of medical corporation, 8% of non-profit corporation, 20% of joint-stock corporation, and 24% of limited liability corporation.The research conducted ANOVA on the score of burnout scale, which is a substitute variable of mental stress, job satisfaction, organizational commitment and career commitment respectively. The results explored the significant difference of average scores among the legal status of the establishments. Multiple comparison procedure resulted in the fairly good performance of NPOs and the poor performance of medical corporations, which suggested that a simple hypothesis of for-profit vs. non-profit is not effective.There was no relationship between the quantity of emotional work which care workers perform in their work place and the qualification as a professional care worker, which suggests that the skills associated with emotional work have not been recognized yet as a professional requirement. Less