Geographical Studies on Creation of Productive Aging and its Social Sustainabilitv in Mountainous and Rural Areas

本文从乡村地理学的角度探讨了乡村旅游地理学研究的可能发展方向。在乡村地理学中，乡村旅游的研究方法从静态的现实条件分析转向区域变化与乡村特征的动态分析。近年来，乡村环境的保护与可持续利用是乡村旅游研究的主旋律，因此可持续乡村系统框架在乡村旅游发展途径中占有重要地位。乡村旅游研究的这些趋势与乡村地理学讨论的变化相对应，在这种变化中，后生产主义框架取代了生产主义框架，成为另一种视角。虽然在生产主义框架下，经济利益是农村发展的最重要因素，但在后生产主义框架下，多功能和多样化的资源是农村可持续发展的重要因素。因此，在乡村旅游的地理学研究中，后生产主义的框架适用于对乡村环境和资源的多功能进行一般性讨论。在实践上，基于乡村环境和资源的多样性，提出了以美食旅游作为乡村旅游的综合途径。在美食旅游的框架内，有乡村、农业、市场、慢食、美食景观等层次分明的空间，每个空间从乡村到美食景观都以多层结构嵌套。美食旅游的一个空间是以传统、文化、生态环境为基础，以社会经济环境为基础，与其他空间相互联系。整个乡村旅游空间可持续发展，形成了乡村、农业、市场、慢食、美食景观等多元空间内容网络体系。

This paper provides possible development of geographical studies on rural tourism in terms of rural geography. In rural geography, approaches to rural tourism turned from the static analysis of actual conditions to the dynamic analysis of regional changes in relation with characteristics of rural areas. In recent years, the framework of sustainable rural system plays an important role in approaches to rural tourism, because conservation and sustainable use of rural environment are leading theme of rural tourism studies. These trends on rural tourism studies corresponded to the changes of geographical discussion on rural areas, in which the framework of post-productivism replaced that of productivism as alternative viewpoint. Although economic profit is the most important element of rural development in the framework of productivism, multi-functions and diverse resources were considerable elements of sustainable rural development in that of post-productivism. In geographical approaches to rural tourism, therefore, the framework of post-productivism is available for general discussion on multi-function of rural environment and resources. Practically, this paper suggested the framework of food tourism as the synthetic approaches to rural tourism, which was based on diversification of rural environment and resources. In the framework of food tourism, there are spaces of rural, agricultural, market, slow food, and gourmet landscape with the hierarchical order, and each space is nested with multilayer structure from rural to gourmet landscape. One space of food tourism is based on traditional, cultural, ecological environments in addition to socio and economic environments, and is mutually connected with others. As a result, the whole space of rural tourism developed sustainablly with multi-network system of spatial contents such as rural, agricultural, market, slow food, and gourmet landscape.