Development of neutron phase space transfer optical devices

用二维中子探测器和飞行时间法研究了振动石英单晶的中子强度和衍射角的变化。实验使用的是尺寸为3 mm×120 mm×14 mm的X切割石英单晶。石英单晶具有沿X轴的偏振，因此垂直于该轴的切割，即X切割具有最大的位移。在石英晶体上制作的铝电极上施加40V的偏置电压，并在22.7 kHz的特征振动频率下移动。C.A.的最大位移5μm，在JRR-3M的超小角中子散射系统上进行了中子衍射实验，中子束波长为4.7埃。用硫化锌：锂闪烁体和位置灵敏光电倍增器组合作为中子探测器。用振动石英单晶获得了22.7 kHz的中子衍射图，中子衍射图随振动周期的变化而变化。中子强度有两个很强的成分。4.7埃中子的速度是C.A.840m/S，以44μS的速度移动1.8 cm，即振动周期的一半。通过改变探测器位置1.8 cm，使中子强度随相移的变化而变化，并将实验结果与理论估算进行了比较。在多普勒效应引起的位移大于形变引起的位移的情况下，衍射中子强度随时间变化的实验结果与理论结果相吻合。

Changes in neutron intensity and diffraction angle form a vibrating quartz single crystal were investigated by a 2D neutron detector and time-of-flight method.A X-cut quartz single crystal in size of 3mm×120mm×14mm was used in an experiment. Quartz single crystal has polarization according to a X-axis, thus, perpendicular cut to this axis, I.e., X-cut has the largest displacement. Bias voltage of 40 V was applied to aluminum electrodes fabricated on the quartz crystal, and it was moved in the characteristic vibration frequency of 22.7 kHz. Maximum displacement of c.a. 5μm was observed using a microscope.A neutron diffraction experiment was carried out on the ULS (Ultra Small angle neutron scattering) system in JRR-3M; neutron beam of wavelength of 4.7 angstrom was used. A combination of a ZnS:Li scintillator and a position sensitive photo multiplier was used as a neutron detector. Neutron diffraction patterns were obtained with a vibrating quartz single crystal in 22.7 kHz; change of neutron diffraction patterns according to vibration period. Neutron intensity had two strong components. Velocity of 4.7 angstrom neutrons are c.a. 840 m/s, thus they move 1.8 cm in 44μs, I.e., a half of the vibration period. By change of 1.8 cm in position of the detector, neutron intensity was changed according to phase shifting in pi.Experimental results were compared with theoretical estimation. In the case of displacement caused by the Doppler effect was larger than that caused by deformation, experimental results of time dependence of diffracted neutrons' intensity were suit for a theoretical result.