Comparative sociological study of disaccord among brothers

本研究从日本江户时代和江户前时期的史料和文献中，找出了兄弟间产生分歧或争吵的原因，旨在从历史或全球的角度来考察兄弟间的分歧。收集了封建领主的家谱记录，并对问题进行了分类整理，形成了数据库。不仅是兄弟之间的不和，还有父子之间的不和，以及亲属之间的不一致，都被加入到数据库中，以便从更广泛的角度进行比较分析。江户时代，幕府或江户政府似乎扮演了监督者和谈判者的角色，有效地抑制或减少了下属或封建领主之间可能发生的继承问题。因此，兄弟之间或亲属之间的争吵被压制下来，看起来像是一种公开的行动。除了上述情况外，既定的长子继承制为弟弟提供了较少的自我主张的机会。前几个时期，即镰仓、室町和仙谷，其特点是缺乏有效的中央权力机构和更灵活的继承/继承制度。在东南亚观察到了共同的阶段。在这一假设的基础上，收集和分析了马来半岛及其周围地区的苏丹或拉贾的数据，收集的数据以共同的风格进行了描述和分析，并以中间报告的形式发布。

The research project aims to investigate the disaccord appeared among the brothers from historical or global points of view.Cases of disaccord or quarrels among brothers were picked up from the historical records and documents focusing on the Edo period, and Pre-Edo periods in Japan. Genealogical records of the feudal lords were collected, and the issues were classified and compiled as a database. Not only the disaccord cases among the brothers but also the disaccord eases between father and sons, and the ones among the kin-members were added in the data-base to enable an comparative analysis from wider perspectives.In Edo-period, Shogun or the Edo-government seems to have played the role of as supervisor and negotiator, and functioned effectively to suppress or minimize a possible occurrence of succession issues among the subordinates or the feudal lords. Quarrels among the brothers or among the kin-members were thus suppressed to appear as an overt action. In addition to the above-mentioned situation, established primogeniture system offered less opportunity for the younger brother to claim themselves. The preceding periods, i.e. Kamakura, Muromachi, and Sengoku were characterized by the lack of effective central authority and more flexible succession/inheritance system. The common phase was observed in Southeast Asia. The data for the sultans or rajas in the Malay Peninsula and the surroundings were collected and analyzed on this assumption.The data collected were described and analyzed on the common style and published in an intermediate report.