Design and Development of e-Learning Course on Piano Playing for Teachers and Pre-school Teachers

这项研究的成果是：1)开发以电影为基础的电子学习内容，用于钢琴弹唱技能的转移；2)构建“课程系统”，要求学生拍摄自己弹奏和唱歌的视频，并提交给他们的导师。辅导员采取非面对面的授课方式。我们提出了一种新型的钢琴课教学方法，这表明e-Learning作为一种技能转移方式是有用的。我们提出的研究过程如下：(1)学生提交视频，记录自己的钢琴演奏(视频系统放置在京都女子大学，200名学生使用该系统(2006-2008年)。一个人提交的视频数量与她的表现测试结果之间存在很好的正相关。(2)教师为7个乐谱制作基于能力的指导表，包括对学生表演视频的分析和评价结果。(3)我们作为系统主管，开发补充的电子学习内容。(4)学生进行非面对面的私人授课，评估事先准备的评论是否有用。(5)分析了获取电子学习内容和非面对面技能转移的教育效果。(6)我们开发了7个曲调的示范声乐表演的电子学习内容，包括建议和常见问题。(7)我们还准备了带注释的乐谱，包括指法。(8)内容(3)、(6)、(7)通过互联网交付《学龄前教师教育钢琴演奏e-Learning内容》(交付服务器放置在长冈工业大学电子学习研究与应用中心)。

The outcomes of this research are 1) to develop e-Learning contents with movies for skill transfer of the piano playing and singing, 2) to construct a “Lesson System", in which the students are required to take videos of their own playing and singing and to submit them to their instructor. The instructor takes non-face-to-face instruction method. We propose a new style method of piano lessons, which indicates that e-Learning is useful as a skill transfer method. The study process that we propose was conducted as follows: (1) Students submit videos which record their own performance of piano playing (The video system was placed at Kyoto Women's University, and 200 students used the system (2006-2008). There is a good positive correlation between the number of videos submitted by a person and the result of her performance test. (2) The instructor makes competence-based advice sheets for 7 musical scores, including the results of analysis and evaluation of students' performance videos. (3) We, system directors, develop supplementary e-Learning contents. (4) Students have private non-face-to-face lessons, with the assessment of whether comments prepared in advance were useful or not. (5) We analyze educational effects of accessing e-Learning contents and of non-face-to-face skill transfer. (6) We develop e-Learning contents of exemplary vocal performances for7tunes, including advices and FAQ. (7) We also prepare annotated scores, including fingering. (8) The contents (3), (6) and (7) are delivered through Internet as “e-Learning contents of piano performance for pre-school teacher education" (Delivery server was placed at Center for e-Learning Research and Apply at Nagaoka University of Technology.)