Detection and risk assessment of carcinogenic compounds in ambient air and surface soil

我们开发了一种灵敏的分析方法和一种有效的清除方法来定量表层土壤和空气颗粒物中的3，6-二硝基苯并[e]芘（DNBeP）。经过硅胶柱和两个反相柱纯化后，3，6-DNBeP通过催化剂柱还原为3，6-二氨基苯并[e]芘，并通过高效液相色谱法（HPLC）与荧光检测器进行分析。表层土壤和空气颗粒物中3，6-DNBeP的浓度分别为347-5007 pg/g土壤和137-1238 fg/m^3。为了确定京都表层土壤中的主要诱变剂，在土壤受诱变剂污染严重且持续的地点采集了土壤样品。采用不同的柱层析方法对在不加S9混合物的TA 98中显示出强致突变性的土壤提取物进行分级。利用高效液相色谱和光谱分析技术，分离鉴定了5种主要致突变成分，分别为1，6-二硝基芘（DNP）、1，8-DNP、1，3，6-三硝基芘（TNP）、3，9-二硝基荧蒽（DNF）和3，6-DNBeP。这些硝基芳烃的贡献率为3 - 10%。这些硝基芳烃的表层土壤样品中检测到从四个住宅区，高月和泉大津在大坂府和名古屋和海基南在爱知县。1，6-DNP、1，8-DNP、1，3，6-TNP、3，9-DNF和3，6-DNBeP可能是污染京都和其他居民区表层土壤的主要致突变成分。

We developed a sensitive analytical method and an efficient clean-up method to quantify 3,6-dinitrobenzo[e]pyrene (DNBeP) in surface soil and airborne particles. After purification using a silica gel column and two reversed-phase columns, 3,6-DNBeP was reduced to 3,6-diaminobenzo[e]pyrene by a catalyst column and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector 3,6-DNBeP was detected in all the soil samples and airborne particles examined. The concentration of 3,6-DNBeP in surface soil and airborne particles was determined in the ranges of 347-5007 pg/g of soil and 137-1238 fg/m^3, respectively.To identify major mutagens in surface soil in Kyoto, a soil sample was collected at a site where soil contamination with mutagens was severe and continual. The soil extract, which showed potent mutagenicity in TA98 without S9 mix, was fractionated by diverse column chromatography methods. Five major mutagenic constituents were isolated and identified to be 1,6-dinitropyrene (DNP), 1,8-DNP, 1,3,6-trinitropyrene (TNP), 3,9-dinitrofluoranthene (DNF), and 3,6-DNBeP by co-chromatography using high performance liquid chromatography and spectral analysis. Contribution ratios of these nitroarenes were from 3 to 10%. These nitroarenes were detected in surface soil samples collected from four residential sites, Takatsuki and Izumiotsu in Osaka prefecture and Nagoya and Hekinan in Aichi prefecture. 1,6-DNP, 1,8-DNP, 1,3,6-TNP, 3,9-DNF, and 3,6-DNBeP may be major mutagenic constituents that contaminate surface soil Kyoto and other residential areas.