Construction of Biological Manufacturing Systems Introducing Bounded Rationality

随着日益全球化和网络化，社会和组织变得越来越复杂，原本由人类设计和控制的人工系统也变得复杂和多样化。为了在这种情况下进行有效的制造，传统的自上而下的方法是不够的，需要一种新的自下而上的方法。为了实现自下而上的制造，Ueda提出了生物制造系统(BMS)的新概念，并开展了几项实用研究。本研究着眼于有限理性，并将其引入生物制造系统。有限理性是人类与生俱来的特征，通常被认为是制造系统中不可接受的因素。然而，有限理性有时会在组织或社会中提供灵活性。因此，本研究探讨了有限理性在制造系统中有效发挥作用的可能性。首先，…利用蚂蚁系统仿真研究了有限理性的更基本性质。结果表明，如果在系统中加入一些有界理性蚂蚁，整个系统的有效性就会得到提高。特别是，当系统包含关于蚂蚁做出决策的环境的不完全信息时，效率会增加。此外，我们还对引入有限理性的自组织制造系统进行了仿真。在仿真中，AGV的行为是合理有界的，利用实际制造车间的实际数据对生产效率进行了分析。仿真结果表明，出现了角色共享过程，提高了生产效率。此外，还考察了社会制度中的有限理性。特别是，通过多智能体仿真和人体实验分析了具有网络外部性的市场中的购买决策。研究结果表明，制造系统存在一定类型的有限理性行为，总结了有限理性在制造系统中的有效性。较少

As society and organizations recently get more complex in response to the increasing globalization and networking, artificial systems which are originally designed and controllable by human also become complex and diversified. In order to conduct effective manufacturing under such situations, the traditional top-down approach is not adequate and a new bottom-up approach is required. To realize bottom-up manufacturing, Ueda has proposed new concept of biological manufacturing systems (BMS) and developed several practical studies. This study focuses on bounded rationality and introduces it into biological manufacturing systems. Bounded rationality is a feature that is originally inherent in human beings and is generally considered as a rejectable factor in manufacturing systems. However, bounded rationality occasionally provides flexibility in organizations or society. Therefore, this study pursuits possibility that bounded rationality works effectively in manufacturing systems.Firstly, … More basic properties of bounded rationality are examined using ant system simulation. Results show that effectiveness of the whole system is improved if some bounded rational ants are in the system. Especially, effectiveness is increasing when the system includes incomplete information about the environment where ants make decision. In addition, we make simulation of self-organized manufacturing systems in which bounded rationality is introduced. In the simulation, where AGVs behave bounded rationally, practical data of real manufacturing floor are used and analyzed production efficiency. The simulation results show role-sharing process is emerged and production efficiency is increasing. Besides, bounded rationality in social systems is examined. In particular, purchase decision-making in markets with network externalities are analyzed by multi-agent simulation and experiments with human subjects. As a result, some types of bounded rational behavior are observed.Summing up all results, availability of bounded rationality in manufacturing systems is discussed and concluded. Less