Fundamental study for controlling a food environment against intestinal protozoa contaminated in tap water

隐孢子虫、环孢子虫和贾第鞭毛虫的宿主范围以及寄生虫对宿主细胞的侵入过程一直是个未解之谜。为了获得这些未解决问题的基础数据，我检查了家畜（包括牛和猪）的粪便，并对检测到的寄生虫进行了遗传鉴定。为了阐明隐孢子虫的入侵过程，对入侵阶段的游动孢子进行了详细的分析。结果，在来自21个县的213份牛样本中，隐孢子虫病，艾奈氏球虫属，牛毛细线虫（Capillaria bovis）和鞭虫属（Trichuris spp.）感染者分别为13例（6.1%）、163例（76.5%）、15例（7.0%）和8例（3.8%）。所有隐孢子虫分离株均为隐孢子虫。在遗传学上鉴定为C.andersoni，在生物学上鉴定为新类型。在8个县的129份猪样品中，猪鞭虫、蛔虫和后圆线虫属。感染率分别为40.3%、24.8%、14.7%和2.3%。我们的研究结果表明，环境抗性的卵或卵囊的寄生虫是广泛的日本农场。超微结构观察表明，小隐孢子虫子孢子顶端有3个顶环，1个电子致密环，2个粗的中央微管。小隐孢子虫a tuhulin抗原通过蛋白质印迹法测定为50-kDa分子量，并且通过免疫电子显微镜通过电子显微镜观察到的这些顶端细胞骨架结构由tubulin组成。发现该子孢子的体外感染性在2小时内下降，表明脱囊后迅速侵入宿主细胞。

Host range as a reservoir about Cryptosporidium, Cyclospora, and Giardia, and invasive process of the Parasites into host cells remains unsolved. To obtain fundament data about these unresolved issues, I examined feces of domestic animals including cattle and pigs, and detected parasites were genetically identified. And to clarify the invasive process of Cryptosporidium, I analyzed the zoites of invasive stage in detail. As a result, of 213 cattle samples from 21 prefectures, Cryptosporicliunispp., Eilneria spp., Capillaria bovis, and Trichuris spp. infections were detected in 13 (6.1%), 163 (76.5%), 15 (7.0%), and 8 (3.8%), respectively. All the isolates of Cryptosporidium spp. were genetically identified as C.andersoni, and biologically identified as a novel type. Of 129 pig samples from 8 prefectures, Eimeria spp., Trichuris suis, Ascaris sumn, and Metastrongylus spp. infections were found in 52 pigs (40.3%), 32 (24.8%), 19 (14.7%), and 3 (2.3%), respectively. Our results indicate that environmentally resistant eggs or oocysts of the parasites are widespread on Japanese farms. By ultramicroscopy of C.parvum zoites, three apical rings, an electron-dense collar, and two thick central microtubules were seen at the apical end of sporozoites. C.parvum a tuhulin antigen was 50-kDa molecular weight by western blotting and these apical cytoskeletal structures observed by electron microscopy were composed of a tubul in by immunoelectron microscopy. It was found that infectivity in vitro of this sporozoite, declined within 2hr, suggesting that invasion into host cells after excystation was rapidly accompanied.