Pharmaco-physiological study on sleep behavior disorder

GABA神经元在中脑腹侧区丰富，在睡眠和腿部运动的控制中很重要。腹侧中脑的GABA和组胺水平与唤醒量显著相关，而多巴胺则不相关。腹侧中脑多巴胺细胞的损伤引起失眠，腹侧中脑-脑桥连接的损伤增加睡眠时的肌张力。短期应用多巴胺受体激动剂可改善PLMD/RLS的症状，但长期应用则有加重症状的趋势。嗜睡症患者脑脊液中食欲素含量与组胺的相关性强于多巴胺。

GABA neurons are abundant in the midbrain ventral area and are important in control of sleep and leg movement. GABA and histamine levels in the ventral midbrain significantly correlated to the amount of arousal, however, dopamine did not. The lesion of the ventral midbrain dopamine cells caused insomnia and the lesion of the ventral midobrain-pons junction increased the muscle tone during sleep. Short-term administration of dopamine agonists improved the symptom of PLMD/RLS, but, long-term treatment tended to make it worse. Amount of orexin in the cerebrospinal fluid of hypersomnia patients showed stronger correlation with histamine than with dopamine.