Cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, oxidative stress and tumor suppressor gene abnormality in the development of esophageal cancer

吸烟引起的DNA氧化损伤以及修复系统的紊乱，必然与食管癌的发生、发展密切相关。P53基因突变在食道癌中是常见的，颠换突变的优势也被认为可能是苯并[a]芘代谢产物和DNA氧化损伤的重要原因。此外，P53基因无拷贝数改变的LOH(拷贝中性LOH)可能是与P53突变相关的食管鳞癌发生中完整等位基因失活的主要机制。

Oxidative DNA damage, which partially induced by smoking, as well as disturbance of repair system, must be closely related to esophageal carcinogenesis and it's progression. The p53 gene mutation was frequently observed in the esophageal cancer and predominance of transversion mutations, which indicate possible importance of the benzo[a] pyrene metabolite and oxidative DNA damage, were also recognized. Furthermore, LOH without copy number change(copy-neutral LOH) at the p53 locus might be the major mechanism for inactivation of the intact allele in esophageal squamous cell carcinogenesis associated with p53 mutation.