Preparation of Completely Individualized Nanofibrils from Biomass, and Their Conversions to Environmentally Compatible Materials

对由结晶微纤维和凝乳组成的纤维素和几丁质进行了常规/新型tempo介导氧化。对所得氧化多糖的化学结构、纳米结构和分子量进行了分析。在这些研究中，新的tempo介导的氧化机制被明确。通过离子交换处理，研究了tempo氧化纳米原纤维的位置选择性和高效表面给药方法，建立了纳米原纤维从可生物降解到稳定、从亲水性到疏水性的切换技术。在各种条件下制备了由表面改性纳米原纤维组成的新型复合材料，其中一些材料具有较高的机械强度、气体屏障/气体选择分离功能、重金属吸附行为以及透明/柔性/导电性能。因此，tempo氧化纳米纤维作为新型生物基纳米材料具有广泛的潜在应用前景。

The conventional/new TEMPO-mediated oxidations were applied to cellulose and chitin consisting of crystalline microfibrils and curdlan. Chemical structures, nanostructures and molecular weights of the obtained oxidized polysaccharides were elucidated. During these studies, new TEMPO-mediated oxidation mechanisms were made clear. Position-selective and efficient surface medication methods of TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrils via ion-exchange treatment were studied, and switching technologies of the nanofibrils from biodegradable to stable and from hydrophilic to hydrophobic nature were established. New composite materials consisting of the surface-modified nanofibrils were prepared under various conditions, and some of them had quite high mechanical strengths, gas-barrier/gas-selective separation functions, heavy-metal adsorption behavior, and transparent/flexible/conductive properties. Thus, TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrils have versatile potential applications as new bio-based nanomaterials.