Evolutianry consequence of parent-offspring conflict over parental investment: trophic-egg production and seed provisioning in cydnid bugs.

在亲代投资方面的亲子冲突会促进父母和后代之间社会行为的进化。本研究阐明了瓢虫亲本雌虫与其若虫在营养性产卵和种子供给方面的多种相互作用。这些发现，如诱导同步孵化的母鸟振动信号、母鸟的供给呼唤、若虫消耗营养蛋对母鸟供给的影响以及在野外发生的家庭融合等，可以更好地理解社会行为和家庭动态的进化。

Parent-offspring conflict over parental investment will promote the evolution of social behavior among parents and offspring. The present study has clarified a variety of interactions between parent females and their nymphs over trophic-egg production and seed provisioning in cydnid bugs. The findings, e.g., maternal vibration signals that induce synchronous hatching, provisioning call by mothers, effects of trophic-egg consumption by nymphs on maternal provisioning and family fusion occurring in the field, can bring better understanding of the evolution of social behavior and family dynamics.