International Comparative Research on the Enhancement of Employability in Postgraduate Education

本研究通过对日本和国外的案例分析，探索了研究生教育就业能力提升的理论框架。特别关注每个国家的高等教育系统和就业系统之间的联系。研究结果显示了以下发现以及对实践者和政策制定者以及研究人员的启示。其中一个发现是，近年来英国和其他国家的研究生的就业结果越来越好。知识经济全球化的趋势可能对研究生的就业能力产生了积极影响。这意味着与就业能力相关的技能发展的有效性嵌入到以学科为基础的学术教育中。另一项发现指出，与企业和行业合作的研究生教育和培训对提高就业能力是有价值的。因此，这并不是说这些结果证实了传统学术在研究生教育中的价值。研究结果表明，研究生更高层次的通用技能以及他们所在学科的专业知识对他们的就业结果具有重要意义。

This research has explored a theoretical framework for the enhancement of employability in postgraduate education through analysing cases from Japan and overseas. A particular focus is placed upon linkages between the higher education system and employment system of each nation. Results of the research have shown the following findings and implications for practitioners and policy makers as well as researchers. One of the findings is increasingly better employment outcomes of UK and other nations’ postgraduates in recent years. Trends towards the globalised knowledge economy may have positively influenced postgraduates’ employability. This implies the effectiveness of employability-related skills development that is embedded into discipline-based academic education. Another finding points out that postgraduate education and training in partnership with businesses and industries is valuable for enhancing employability. Therefore, it is not as simple as saying that the results have confirmed the value of traditional academism in postgraduate education.The findings suggest the significance of higher-order generic skills of postgraduates as well as that of their expertise in their discipline for their employment outcomes.