A theoretical and practical study on the development of elementary school teachers' competencies: focusing on the explicit and tacit aspects of their competencies

本研究的目的是识别日本小学教师对教师职业的显性和默契形象。主要研究问题如下：1)日本小学教师认为教师职业的核心要素(能力)是什么？2)一些能力被认为比其他能力更重要或更不重要的依据是什么？我们确定了参与者对教师能力的看法中的共同点。它们概括如下。教师们列举了教师职业核心能力的两个以上含义。参与者(教师)认为他们是教师，在与他人(儿童、父母、同事等)的关系方面具备教学专业人员所需的技能，并认为这种关系为教师提供了他们可以处理问题的情况，而不管他们自己的载体是什么。

The purpose of this study is to identify the explicit and tacit images of the teaching profession held by elementary school teachers in Japan. The major research questions are as follows: 1) What are the core elements (competencies) of the teaching profession as perceived by elementary school teachers in Japan? 2) On what basis are some competencies considered more or less important than others? We identified commonalities in the participants’ opinions on teacher competencies. They are summarized as the following. The teachers listed more than two meanings for the core competencies of the teaching profession. The participants (teachers) perceived their role as teachers and the needed skills for teaching professionals in terms of their relationships with others (children, parents, colleagues, etc.), and considered that such relationships provided the teachers with the situations in which they could deal with problems irrespective of their own carrier.