Genetic Analysis of Heterosis in Rapeseed (B. napus L.)

该项目的总体目标是通过在不同作图群体中进行QTL定位，对油菜杂种优势进行比较遗传分析。在Göttingen，将从表现出高度杂种优势的杂交后代中培育出分离的双单倍体群体，并将利用SSR标记绘制遗传图谱。产量和产量相关性状以及一些表现杂种优势的形态性状的QTL将在加倍单倍体群体的测交中定位，并将根据加性和显性效应以及上位性互作及其对杂种优势的贡献来表征。这一结果将与吉昂大学(R.Snowdon博士和W.W.Friedt教授)在不同测绘人群上进行的平行项目的结果进行比较。这两个项目将识别和表征与油菜杂种优势有关的QTL，并将首次提供以下问题的信息：-显性、超显性和上位性等不同遗传效应对油菜杂种优势表达的贡献是什么？-相似的QTL集合是否参与了油菜不同杂交组合的杂种优势表达？-不同遗传效应对杂种优势表达的贡献在两个杂交组合中是否相似？

The general objective of the proposed project is a comparative genetic analysis of heterosis in rapeseed by QTL mapping in different mapping populations. In Göttingen a segregating doubled haploid population will be developed from a cross displaying high heterosis and a genetic map will be developed using SSR markers. QTL for yield and yield related traits as well as some morphological traits showing heterosis will be mapped in testcrosses of the doubled haploid population and will be characterized with respect to additive and dominance effects as well as epistatic interactions and their contributions to heterosis. The results will be compared with results from a parallel project conducted at the University of Gießen (Dr. R. Snowdon & Prof. W. Friedt) on a different mapping population. The two projects will identify and characterize QTL involved in heterosis in rapeseed and will for the first time provide information on the following questions: - What are the contributions of different genetic effects, e.g. dominance, overdominance and epistasis to the expression of heterosis in rapeseed? - Are similar sets of QTL involved in the expression of heterosis in different crosses of rapeseed? - Are the contributions of different genetic effects to the expression of heterosis similar in the two crosses?