Molecular evolution and molecular mechanisms of higher degree of vernalization requirement in East Asian barley

栽培大麦大约在1万年前从野生大麦驯化而来，野生大麦分布在近东和中亚。目前，大麦的种植面积遍布世界各地。包括大麦在内的许多温带谷物必须暴露在低温下一段时间（春化），以促进开花。在向东亚地区推广的过程中，应考虑获得较高程度的冬季生长习性的适应性。我试图阐明更高程度的春化要求的实际进化和分子基础。为了这项研究的目的，从世界各地收集了大量的栽培大麦种质。结果表明，在重测序分析中发现的VRN位点的特定单倍型与低温反应相关的新QTL之间存在复杂的互作关系，从而表达了较高程度的春化要求。

Cultivated barley has been domesticated about 10,000 years ago from the wild barley, which distributes across Near East to Central Asia. At present, the cultivation area of barley are spread across the world. Many temperate cereals including barley are necessary to be exposed low temperature for a certain period of time (vernalization) in order to promote flowering. Acquisition of higher degree of winter growth habit would be considered to adaptability in the process to expand the cultivation area to East Asia. I attempted to elucidate the actual evolutionary and molecular basis of higher degree of vernalization requirement. For the purpose of this study, large number of cultivated barley accessions collected from all over the world were used. As a result, the higher degree of vernalization requirement were expressed by the complex interactions of a particular haplotypes of VRN loci found in resequencing analysis and novel QTL corresponding to low temperature response.