Laboratory studies of the form and oscillations towards breakup of falling raindrops in the Mainz Vertical Wind Tunnel and holographic field measurements of microphysical precipitation properties

测得的面雨量与雷达观测计算的雨量之间存在严重的不一致。其中一个建议的方法，以改善估计是使用的关系，从雷达反射率，其中包括雨滴的形状给出降雨率。由于这些毫米大小的雨滴是连续振荡的，人们必须知道轴比的准确动态平均值，才能在反射率降雨率关系中使用它们。在这项研究中，我们建议使用高速时间序列分析的形状毫米大小的下降浮动在垂直风洞中，以实现这一目标。具有特殊意义的是当量直径（Do）在1.1和3 mm之间的液滴的轴比，其动态平均轴比理论上预测为与平衡形状的液滴的轴比显著不同。此外，我们建议为AQUARadar现场实验（特殊观测阶段，SOP）的美因茨大学HODAR（全息水滴和气溶胶记录）仪器的部署，在现场地面为基础的测量雨滴和霰/冰雹粒度分布，空间水凝物分布，和个人水凝物速度。与一个微雨雷达（MRR）从AQUARadar-D的同时和空间相关的测量微物理降水特性和雷达回波可以在SOP期间以这种方式进行。

Serious inconsistencies exist between measured areal rainfall and the rainfall as computed from radar observations. One suggested method to improve on the estimation is to use relationships giving rainfall rates from radar reflectivities which include the shape of the raindrops. As those millimeter size raindrops are continuously oscillating, one has to know the accurate dynamic average values of the axis ratios to be able to use them in the reflectivity rainfall rate relationship. In this study we propose to use high speed time series analysis of shapes of millimetre size drops floating in the vertical wind tunnel to achieve this goal. Of special significance are the axis ratios of the drops with equivalent diameters (Do) between 1.1 and 3 mm whose dynamic mean axis ratios are theoretically predicted to be significantly different from those for the equilibrium shape. Further we suggest for the AQUARadar field experiment (Special Observation Phase, SOP) the deployment of the University of Mainz HODAR (Holographic Droplet and Aerosol Recording) instrument for in-situ ground based measurements of rain droplet and graupel/hail grain size distributions, spatial hydrometeor distributions, and individual hydrometeor velocities. In connection with one micro rain radar (MRR) from AQUARadar-D simultaneous and spatially correlated measurements of microphysical precipitation properties and the radar return can be performed this way during SOP.