Dynamics of Active Layer on Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

青藏高原(中国)多年冻土区活跃层的动力学研究应采用(1)探地雷达探测(1公里)和(2)3个特征点位(米)高分辨率监测的方法。这是与中国科学院兰州寒区环境与工程研究所(CATEERI)合作项目的德国部分。在最初阶段，探地雷达用于确定最终的监测点。在以后的阶段，在三个实地活动期间定期绘制季节性冰表和地面冰表(如果存在)的地图。为了获得可靠的定量结果，本项目将为现有的麦克斯韦求解器开发一种反演算法。高分辨率的监测点将包括(I)一个以稳定的永久冻土为参照的地点(Ii)一个详细研究腐化的临时自然地点，以及(Iii)一个靠近道路或铁路路堤的地点，以评估人造建筑的影响。每个地点都将配备一系列传感器，用于测量地下温度和液态水、气象参数和辐射成分。在此基础上，建立了活化层热力和水力动力学的简化定量模型。

The dynamics of the active layer in the permafrost region of the Qinghai-Xizang-Plateau (China) shall be studied by (i) exploration using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) at scales up to 1 km and (ii) by high-resolution monitoring of three characteristic sites at scales of meters. This is the German part of a cooperative project with the Cold & Arid Regions Environment and Engineering Research Instiute (CATEERI) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in Lanzhou. In the initial phase, GPR is used for the identification of the eventual monitoring sites. In later phases, the seasonal ice table and, if existent, the ground ice table, are mapped periodically during three field campaigns. For reliable quantitative results, an inversion algorithm for an existing Maxwell-solver will be developed in this project. The high-resolution monitoring sites will comprise (i) a site with stable permafrost as a reference (ii) a transient natural site to study decay in detail, and (iii) a site near the embankment of the road or of the railway to assess the impact of manmade constructions. Each site will be instrumented with an array of sensors for subsurface temperature and liquid water, meterological parameters and radiation components. Based on the data, simplifield quantitative models of the thermal and hydraulic dynamics of the active layer will be developted.