現代日本のトイレ文化の特質と占領期日本の衛生問題

日本的高科技马桶在国际上引起了轰动。我的假设是，了解日本高科技马桶的物质文化的关键可能是在盟军占领日本时期的宣传材料中找到的。我主要进行文献分析：从文学资料、报纸文章到官方文件。我能够通过在国际会议上的多次演讲来传播我的研究成果，这提高了我的研究在学术界的知名度，并代表了东京大学和日本。在获得奖学金期间，我发表了四篇文章，并设法编辑了一本日本研究杂志的特刊。关于显著的成果，我在发表于《Worldwide Waste: Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies》的文章《日本前现代夜间土壤收集系统的文化起源》中完善了粪便习惯理论。发表在Silva Iaponicarum上的《理解日本相对较高的粪便社会能见度》是第一篇解决日本粪便体验模糊性的文章：一方面，这个国家拥有世界上最先进的厕所，但另一方面，有许多粪便的象征性表现形式（例如电视上对排便的评论或粪便形状的商品）。我把这种现象解释为排便的概念和实践之间的二分法：在日本的现代粪便习惯中，概念与最初的概念保持一致，而实践则适应了西方的习惯。

Japanese high-tech toilets are an international sensation.　My hypothesis was that the key to understanding material culture of Japanese high-tech toilets may be found in propaganda materials from the period of the Allied Occupation of Japan. I conducted mostly document analysis: from literary sources, newspaper articles to official documents.I was able to disseminate findings of my research through many presentations at　international conferences which improved the visibility of my research in academia as well as　represented The University of Tokyo and Japan.And I published four articles during the fellowship and managed to edit a special issue of a Journal of Japanese studies. Regarding significant results, I improved the theory of a fecal habitus in the article “Cultural Origins of Japan’s Premodern Night Soil Collection System” published in the Worldwide Waste: Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies.“Understanding Relatively High Social Visibility of Excrement in Japan” published in Silva Iaponicarum is the first article to address the ambiguity of the excretory experience in Japan: on one hand, the country has the most advanced toilets in the world, but on the other, there are many symbolic manifestations of excrement (e.g. commentaries on bowel movement on TV or poop-shaped merchandise). I explain this phenomenon as dichotomy between the notion and practice of defecation: in Japan’s modern fecal habitus, the notion remained the same as in the original one, while the practice adapted the Western one.