Realistische Berechnung von Störstellen und Grenzflächen in Kuprat-Supraleitern

尽管自1986年发现高温超导性以来，铜超导的实验和理论研究是最热门的物理话题之一，但这些材料中超导性的非常规配对机制的起源仍然存在争议。最近新实验技术的发展和现有技术的改进使人们能够深入了解这些材料的局部物理特性，而这些特性在几年前甚至是无法想象的。这个研究项目的目的是发展一个详细的微观理论，在缺陷和晶界附近的局部物理性质，使人们朝着更好地理解这些材料的基本超导性质迈出一步。将理论结果与最近的实验研究结果进行比较，我特别希望找到关于超导配对相互作用的性质和起源的新线索，此外，更好地从理论上理解缺陷和晶界对超导态的影响，有助于开发具有不同应用优化的特殊性能的新材料。

Although the experimental as well as the theoretical investigation of cupratesuperconductores is one of the hottest physical topics since the discovery of hightemperature superconductivity in 1986, the origin of the unconventional pairingmechanism responsible for superconductivity in these materials is still controversial.The recent development of new experimental techniques and the refinementof existing ones allow insight into local physical properties of these materials thatcould not even be thought of some years ago. The aim of this research project isthe development of a detailled microscopic theory of the local physical propertiesin the vicinity of defects and grain boundaries allowing one to make a steptowards a better understanding of the fundamental superconducting propertiesin these materials. Comparing the theoretical results with recent experimentalstudies, I hope especially to find new hints concerning the nature and the originof the pairing interaction responsible for superconductivity, in addition, a bettertheoretical understanding of the influence of defects and grain boundaries onthe superconducting state could help in developing new materials with specialproperties optimized for different applications.