Significance of detection of antibiotic and disinfectant-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa from laboratory animals, environment and human beings

抗生素和消毒剂常用于预防和消除假单胞菌（P.）实验动物中的铜绿假单胞菌污染。实验动物设施通常位于医院附近，在医院进行动物实验的研究人员经常与实验动物和患者接触。因此，我们调查了实验动物、动物护理人员和实验动物设施内部环境中的铜绿假单胞菌污染情况。我们还检查了分离的铜绿假单胞菌和耐药微生物的血清分型。1.微生物分离：从142份小鼠粪便标本、42份实验动物环境标本、9份动物看护人标本中检出铜绿假单胞菌。从这些标本中分离的铜绿假单胞菌血清型大多为I型和G型。2.耐药性：检测铜绿假单胞菌对哌拉西林（PIPC）、庆大霉素（GM）、头孢哌酮（CPX）、亚胺培南（IMP）、氯霉素（CP）、头孢西丁（CFX）、四环素（TC）的耐药性。除小鼠粪便中的一株IMP耐药微生物外，未采集到对大多数PIPC、GM、CPZ和IMP耐药的微生物。铜绿假单胞菌对CP、CFX和TC具有天然抗性。3.消毒剂：测定了铜绿假单胞菌对苄索氯铵（BC）、葡萄糖酸氯己定（CG）和烷基二氨基乙基甘氨酸（ADE）的耐药性。大多数铜绿假单胞菌对BC具有天然抗性，但对CG和ADE均无抗性，提示铜绿假单胞菌的污染已由实验动物传播到人类或环境中，实验动物中未出现耐抗生素和消毒剂的菌株。

Antibiotic and disinfectant are frequently used for prevention and elimination of Pseudomonas (P.) aeruginosa contamination in laboratory animals. Experimental animal facilities are usually located near hospital and researchers in a hospital performing animal experiments have frequent contact with both laboratory animals and patients. We therefore surveyed P.aeroginosa contamination in laboratory animals, animal caretakers, and the internal environment of our experimental animal facility. We also examined serotyping isolated P.aeruginosa and the drug resistant organisms. 1. Isolation of organisms: P.aeruginosa was detected from 142 mouse feces specimens, 42 environment of laboratory animals specimens, 9 animal caretakers specimens. Most of the serotype of P.aeruginosa isolated from these specimens was type I and G. 2. Drug resistance: Resistance of P.aeruginosa to antibiotics was tested for piperacillin (PIPC), gentamycin (GM), cefoperazone (CPX), imipenem (IMP), chloramphenicol (CP), cefoxitin (CFX), tetracycline (TC). Drug resistant organisms to most PIPC, GM, CPZ and IMP were not collected except one strain of IMP resistant organism in mouse feces. P.aeruginosa acquired the natural resistance to CP, CFX and TC. 3. Disinfectant: Resistance of P.aeruginosa to disinfectant was tested for benzethonium chloride (BC), chlorhexidine gluconate (CG) and alkyl diamino-ethylglycin (ADE). Most P.aeruginosa were the natural resistance to BC, but all the organisms were not resistant to CG and ADE.Present examination suggested that the contamination of P.aeruginosa was spreaded from laboratory animals to human beings or the environment, and that antibiotic and disinfectant-resistant organisms were not appeared in laboratory animals.