Recognition of Fatty acids by Gastw intestinal hormone producing cells.

由于脂肪酸刺激大多数胃肠肽从小肠释放，因此肠内分泌细胞中可能存在识别脂肪酸的共同系统。也就是说，在十二指肠中施用脂肪酸会增加从胰腺到十二指肠的胰酶分泌。具有甲基化羧基的三种（油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸）脂肪酸不产生这种反应。辛酸（一种短碳链脂肪酸）也没有。在脂肪酸选择中观察到对脂肪酸的相同特异性作为期望的食物。我们假设肠上皮细胞（包括肠内分泌细胞和舌味蕾）具有共同的脂肪酸识别系统，发现受体蛋白参与肠上皮细胞的脂肪感觉机制，并在空肠上皮细胞刷状缘选择性表达脂肪酸结合蛋白（FAT）。免疫组化结果显示，脂肪的免疫反应是专门定位在味蕾细胞的顶端部分。这些结果表明，在味觉细胞中存在类似于肠上皮细胞的脂肪检测系统，脂肪参与了常见的脂肪酸感觉机制。

Since fatty acids stimulate the release of most of the gastrointestinal peptides from the small intestine, a common system for the recognition of fatty acids is likely to exist in enteroendocrine cells. That is, administering fatty acids in the duodenum produced an elevation in pancreatic enzyme secretion from the pancreas into duodenum. The three (oleic, linoleic, and linolenic) fatty acids with methylated carboxyl groups, did not produce this response. Neither did caprylic acid, a fatty acid with a short carbon chain. The same specificity against the fatty acids was observed in the fatty acid selection as desirable foods. We have hypothesized that enterocytes, including enteroendocrine cells and taste buds in the tongue, would have a common system for recognizing fatty acid.We found that the participation of receptor protein in the fat-sensory mechanism of intestinal epithelial cells, and selective expression of fatty-acid binding protein (FAT), originally expressed in adipose tissue, in the brush border of jejunal epithelial cells. Immunological stsaining revealed that immunoreactivity for FAT is specifically localized in the apical part of taste bud cells. These findings suggested that some dietary fat detecting system similar to that in the intestinal epithelium exists in taste cells, and that FAT participates in the common fatty-acid sensory mechanisms.