Establishing the science behind Alzheimer's recruitment registries: opportunities for increasing diversity and accelerating enrollment into trials

项目总结/摘要 随着媒体环境和大多数人的日常生活对COVID-19的关注， 目前尚不清楚对其他健康状况的看法如何变化，特别是在老年人中， 特别容易受到COVID-19的影响。研究表明，个人倾向于允许他们的态度 对一个突出的问题，以影响他们的态度和行为，对无关的，但类似的其他问题 (i.e.,溢出效应）。鉴于COVID-19话语中对科学和研究的强调，重要的是 评估老年人的流行病经历是否会"溢出"到他们对科学研究的看法， 可能会影响他们参与阿尔茨海默病（AD）相关研究工作的意愿的方式。在这 项目，我们建议研究如何信息来源的COVID-19和大流行的大背景 影响老年人对科学研究和AD的看法，遵守推荐的COVID-19 预防行为，以及这些看法是否因种族/民族而异。这项研究对于 确定COVID-19溢出是否正在改变个人对AD作为健康风险的看法， 参与AD研究，例如在招募登记处登记。接地扩散激活 理论和推理行动方法（RAA），我们提出了两个目标。第一，确定范围 COVID-19的新闻报道和生活经历改变了人们对科学研究的看法， 愿意参与AD相关研究，我们采用混合方法，使用调查和 内容分析我们在12个月内进行了一系列重复的横断面调查， 监测流行病和新闻报道的变化如何与研究态度的转变有关 一般和特定于AD和AD风险。调查数据将从一个国家的12个波中收集 通过对应于父母奖励中感兴趣的组的种族组分层的样本（白色， 西班牙裔，黑人）。每月收集数据，以便捕捉COVID-19 形势瞬息万变。一个理论驱动的新闻报道内容分析， 与调查同时进行的，也将进行，目的是了解 COVID-19信息和错误信息，包括COVID-19发病率的种族差异等主题 和死亡率，并强调老年人和少数民族是弱势群体。第二个目的 确定后续COVID-19的相关心理社会决定因素（态度、规范、疗效/控制）， 相关的健康行为（即，预防，预防）的老年人使用RAA。我们收集一个后续行动 数据波（波2）从波1/基线从重复的横断面调查，并预测如何 接触媒体和人际信息的影响通过态度、规范和效能来介导 来预测随后的COVID-19推荐行为。这两个目标结合在一起，可以对新冠肺炎进行测试- 19溢出到AD相关的态度和愿意参与AD研究。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT With the singular focus on COVID-19 in both the media environment and in the everyday lives of most people, it is not clear how perceptions of other health conditions may shift, especially among older adults who are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19. Research demonstrates a tendency for individuals to allow their attitudes towards one salient issue to impact their attitudes and behaviors towards unrelated, but similar other issues (i.e., spillover effects). Given the emphasis on science and research in COVID-19 discourse, it is important to assess whether older adults’ pandemic experiences may “spillover” to their perceptions of scientific research in ways that may affect their willingness to participate in Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related research efforts. In this project, we propose to examine how information sources on COVID-19 and the larger context of the pandemic influence older adults’ perceptions of scientific research and AD, adherence to recommended COVID-19 prevention behaviors, and whether these perceptions vary by racial/ethnic group. This research is critical to determine whether COVID-19 spillover is changing how individuals perceive both AD as a health risk and calls to participate in AD research such as enrolling in recruitment registries. Grounded in Spreading Activation Theory and the Reasoned Action Approach (RAA), we propose two aims. First, to determine the extent to which COVID-19 news coverage and lived experiences change perceptions of scientific research and willingness to participate in AD-related research, we employ a mixed methods approach using surveys and content analysis. We conduct a series of repeated cross-sectional surveys over a period of 12 months to monitor how changes in the pandemic and in news coverage may be related to attitude shifts about research generally and specific to AD and AD risk. Survey data will be collected across 12 waves from a national sample stratified by the race groups that correspond to the groups of interest in the parent award (white, Hispanic, Black). Data are collected monthly, which allows for capturing perceptual shifts as the COVID-19 situation changes rapidly. A theory-driven content analysis of news coverage from main news sources, coinciding with the surveys, will also be conducted with the goal of understanding the extent and nature of COVID-19 information and misinformation, including topics such as racial disparities in COVID-19 morbidity and mortality and emphasis on older adults and racial minorities as vulnerable populations. The second aim identifies relevant psychosocial determinants (attitudes, norms, efficacy/control) of subsequent COVID-19- related health behaviors (i.e., preparation, prevention) for older adults using the RAA. We collect a follow-up wave of data (Wave 2) from the Wave 1/Baseline from the repeated cross-sectional surveys and predict how effects of exposure to media and interpersonal messages are mediated through attitudes, norms, and efficacy to predict subsequent COVID-19 recommended behaviors. Together these two aims allow for a test of COVID- 19 spillover into AD-related attitudes and willingness to participate in AD research.