A Digital Twin for GEOphysical extremes (DT-GEO)

随着目前的计算能力和数据量进入Exascale时代，地球系统的数字双胞胎将能够以无与伦比的精度模拟不同的系统组成部分（大气，海洋，陆地，岩石圈），提供分析，预测，以及从其起源阶段和跨越其时空尺度的自然灾害和资源的情景。DT-GEO旨在开发一个地球物理极端事件（包括地震、火山、海啸和人为引发的极端事件）的数字孪生模型。该项目利用世界一流的计算和数据研究结构（RI），运行监测网络，以及领先的研究和学术界的合作伙伴关系在物理学的各个领域。该项目将合并和组装来自其他欧洲项目和卓越中心的最新发展，以部署12个数字孪生组件（DTC），旨在作为嵌入旗舰仿真代码的独立容器化实体，人工智能层，大量的（实时）数据流进出数据湖，数据同化方法，以及用于在集中式HPC和虚拟云计算RI中部署和执行单个或耦合DTC的总体工作流。每个DTC都解决了具体的科学问题，并规避了与灾害评估、预警预报、紧急计算或资源勘探有关的技术挑战。DTC将在13个站点演示（SD）中进行验证，其结果将包含丰富的元数据，以实现软件（服务）和数据资产的（半）自动发现，情境化和编排，使其能够集成到欧洲开放科学云（EOSC）中。该提案旨在成为长期社区努力的第一步，以将地球物理极端现象纳入目的地地球倡议。

With present computational capabilities and data volumes entering the Exascale Era, digital twins of the Earth system will be able to mimic the different system components (atmosphere, ocean, land, lithosphere) with unrivaled precision, providing analyses, forecasts, and what if scenarios for natural hazards and resources from their genesis phases and across their temporal and spatial scales. DT-GEO aims at developing a prototype for a digital twin on geophysical extremes including earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis, and anthropogenic induced extreme events. The project harnesses world-class computational and data Research Infrastructures (RIs), operational monitoring networks, and leading-edge research and academia partnerships in various fields of geophysics. The project will merge and assemble latest developments from other European projects and Centers of Excellence to deploy 12 Digital Twin Components (DTCs), intended as self-contained containerized entities embedding flagship simulation codes, Artificial Intelligence layers, large volumes of (real-time) data streams from and into data-lakes, data assimilation methodologies, and overarching workflows for deployment and execution of single or coupled DTCs in centralized HPC and virtual cloud computing RIs. Each DTC addresses specific scientific questions and circumvents technical challenges related to hazard assessment, early warning forecast, urgent computing, or resource prospection. DTCs will be verified at 13 Site Demonstrators (SD) and their outcomes will contain rich metadata to enable (semi-)automatic discovery, contextualisation, and orchestration of software (services) and data assets, enabling its integration to the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC). The proposal aims at being a first step of a long-term community effort towards a twin on Geophysical Extremes integrated in the Destination Earth (DestinE) initiative.