Urban Revitalization and Long-Term Effects on Diet, Economic, and Health Outcomes

项目摘要 改善水果、蔬菜和全谷物等健康食品的获取一直是一项重要的政策 该战略旨在改善弱势群体的饮食和减少肥胖。在我们的父母补助金（ 一个新的超市改善低收入非洲裔美国人的饮食行为？R 01 CA 149105），我们的团队 利用了一项自然实验，在这项实验中，健康食品融资倡议（HFFI）支持全方位服务， 在服务不足的地区开设了一家超市。2011年，我们随机招募了一个队列（N= 1，372）， 从干预社区（接受新的FSS）中选择家庭，并进行类似的比较 社区，并从FSS开放前到开放后一年跟踪队列。我们 发现干预社区居民的饮食有了一些改善--低添加糖， 卡路里，饱和脂肪，酒精和添加糖（SoFAAS）。然而，使用新的FSS， 假设的中介，与饮食变化无关。建议的续期补助金旨在 审查是否社会经济影响，新的FSS或预期它和其他发展 在投资者中，我们观察到的饮食改善可能是由于邻里关系的改善。它 还利用一个新的机会，审查更大的正在进行和即将进行的振兴的影响， 干预社区对社区社会经济条件和饮食的影响。针对这些研究 这些问题将帮助我们更好地理解和复制将FSS置于 食物沙漠研究结果将与大量的文献联系起来， 饮食和体重，主要限于横断面研究。我们还将研究饮食中 我们在母研究中观察到的改善得到了维持，并且邻居 社会经济条件可能影响饮食。为了实现这一点，我们将获得并合并二级回顾 和关于干预的社区社会经济条件（NSEC）的前瞻性数据， 利用现有的调查数据和邻里审计控制邻里，并收集两波额外的 调查和审计数据捕捉即将到来的主要邻里振兴项目正在进行中，或 参与发展.将使用差异和结构建模方法中的差异来分析数据， 这些自然实验的影响以及从邻里变化到 饮食改善因此，拟议的更新将利用我们现有的数据，队列和研究 基础设施，以解决至关重要的后续问题，并将是第一项研究，据我们所知， 测试社区和个人水平的SES改善是否与改善饮食有关 体重状况。

Project Abstract Improving access to healthful foods such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains has been an important policy strategy, intended to improve diet and reduce obesity among vulnerable populations. In our parent grant (Does a New Supermarket Improve Dietary Behaviors of Low-income African Americans? R01CA149105), our team capitalized on a natural experiment in which a Healthy Food Financing Initiative (HFFI)-supported full-service supermarket (FSS) was opened in an underserved area. In 2011, we enrolled a cohort (N=1,372) of randomly selected households from an intervention neighborhood (that received the new FSS) and a similar comparison neighborhood and followed the cohort from prior to the FSS’s opening through one year post-opening. We found that intervention neighborhood residents had some dietary improvements – lower added sugars, calories, and saturated fats, alcohols and added sugars (SoFAAS). However, use of the new FSS, the hypothesized mediator, was not associated with dietary changes. The proposed renewal grant seeks to examine whether the socioeconomic impact that the new FSS or anticipation of it and other developments among investors, had on the neighborhood might be responsible for the dietary improvements we observed. It also taps into a new opportunity to examine the effect of much larger ongoing and impending revitalization of the intervention neighborhood on neighborhood socioeconomic conditions and diet. Addressing these research questions will help us to better understand and to replicate the dietary improvements of placing an FSS in a food desert. Results will speak to the substantial literature linking neighborhood socioeconomic conditions, diet, and weight, largely limited to cross-sectional studies. We will also examine the extent to which the dietary improvements we observed in our parent study are maintained, and the pathways by which neighborhood socioeconomic conditions may impact diet. To achieve this, we will obtain and merge secondary retrospective and prospective data concerning neighborhood socioeconomic conditions (NSEC) of the intervention and control neighborhoods with existing survey data and neighborhood audits, and collect two additional waves of survey and audit data capturing the impending major neighborhood revitalization projects that are underway or in development. Data will be analyzed using difference in difference and structural modeling approaches to test the impact of these natural experiments and the hypothesized causal pathway from neighborhood change to dietary improvement. Thus, the proposed renewal will capitalize on our existing data, cohort, and research infrastructure to address critically important follow-on questions and will be the first study, to our knowledge, to test whether SES improvements at the neighborhood and individual level are associated with improved diet and weight status.