Autonomous Multi-Format In-Situ Observation Platform for Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Methane Monitoring in Permafrost & Wetlands (MISO)

气候变暖是由大气中二氧化碳和甲烷等温室气体(GHGs)浓度增加推动的。现有的观测站能够为大规模的全球评估捕捉温室气体信息，但大气中二氧化碳和甲烷的短期自然可变性和气候驱动的变化仍然知之甚少。目前还缺乏足够精确、自主和成本效益高的温室气体传感器，用于在足够的空间尺度和难以到达的地区进行温室气体监测。MISO将开发和演示一个自主的现场观测平台，用于难以到达的地区(北极、湿地)，使用固定和移动(无人机)解决方案相结合的方式检测和量化二氧化碳和甲烷气体，并在部署时只需最少的现场干预。为实现这一目标，MISO将提高NDIR温室气体传感器的探测极限和精度，该传感器随后将用于三个观测平台(一个静态塔、一个静态舱和一个安装在无人机上的传感器)，在中央基地单元的帮助下运行。所有部件都将设计用于在恶劣环境中运行，并将人为干预降至最低。静态天文台将由一种独特的地热设备提供动力。三个观测站和一个数据云之间的通信将使用P2P、G4/G5/LTE、LoRa广域和WiFi技术的组合。该平台的规格将与来自学术界、监测和测量系统、行业和政策的利益攸关方共同制定。一项明确的DCE战略以及对短期影响管理和中长期商业化的关注将针对若干用户群体，包括行业和主要监测系统和基础设施(例如ICOS)的代表。这将支持创新的治理模式和以科学为基础的政策设计、执行和监测。高等教育专题组6所涵盖领域的可持续性、业绩和竞争力将得到加强。

Climate warming is driven by increased concentrations of greenhouse gasses (GHGs) e.g., CO2 and CH4, in the atmosphere. Existing observatories are able to capture GHG information for large-scale global assessments, but short-term natural variability and climatedriven changes in atmospheric CO2 and CH4 remain less known. There is also currently a lack of sufficiently precise, autonomous, and cost-efficient GHG sensors for GHG monitoring at sufficient spatial scale, and in hard-to-reach areas. MISO will develop and demonstrate an autonomous in-situ observation platform for use in hard to reach areas (Arctic, wetlands), for detecting and quantifying carbon dioxide and methane gasses, using a combination of stationary and mobile (drone) solutions and requiring minimum on-site intervention when deployed. To achieve this objective, MISO will improve detection limit and accuracy of a NDIR GHG sensor, which will then be used in three observing platforms (a static tower, a static chamber and a UAV-mounted sensor) operated with the help of a central base unit. All elements will be designed for operation in harsh environments and with minimum human intervention. The static observatories will be powered by a unique geothermal device. Communication between the three observatories and a data cloud will use a combination of P2P, G4/G5/LTE, LORAWAN and wifi technologies. The specifications of the platform will be co-developed with stakeholders from academia, monitoring and measurement systems, industry and policy. A clear DCE strategy and focus on short-term impact management and medium and long-term commercialization will targetseveral user groupsincluding industries and representatives of main monitoring systems and infrastructures (e.g., ICOS). This will support innovative governance models and science-based policy design, implementation and monitoring. Sustainability performance and competitiveness in the domains covered by HE Cluster 6 will be enhanced.