Overlap in genetic and learning-based mechanisms for alcohol use disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder

项目摘要 除了感染本身的影响外，新冠肺炎大流行还对 行为、社会、精神和物质使用结果。早期的数据记录了酒精含量的增加 在大流行后使用，与先前的证据一致，表明在某些时间段饮酒增加 压力和随后的创伤性事件。酒精使用量增加的直接和下游影响，以及 酒精使用障碍(AUD)的发展，对公共健康的影响包括酒精使用和 精神困扰(即创伤后应激障碍；创伤后应激障碍)，有问题的酒精使用增加的可能性 新冠肺炎感染/传播的行为风险，以及免疫系统和 与澳大利亚大学硕士学位论文相关的健康状况可能会影响新冠肺炎患者的疾病严重程度。这个 这本K01增刊的主要目标有两个。首先，本补编旨在将私家侦探的培训扩展到 将澳元对健康的影响及其与新冠肺炎风险和严重程度的关系与分析培训结合起来 在纵向建模和方法论训练中尝试一种密集的时间序列数据收集方法 建立对酒精使用、创伤后应激障碍、危险行为、 和健康结果。第二，增加了与这些培训目标相关的两个新的研究目标 寻求解决当前压力和酒精使用文献中的空白，利用现有的纵向 数据集，具有预期(即，大流行前)数据。这两个新的研究目标是：1)评估眼前的、 以及，新冠肺炎对酒精表型(例如，消费、酗酒、问题)的影响轨迹 与大流行前的数据进行比较和2)在新冠肺炎作为持续应激源的背景下，重复收集， 时间序列数据，以检查酒精表型、创伤后应激障碍和COVID特异性之间的时间关系 危险行为(例如，缺乏社交距离)。为了实现这些培训和研究目标，增加了一名导师 凭借在澳元和新冠肺炎对健康影响方面的专业知识，治疗试验已被添加到 多学科指导团队。此外，PI的主要K01导师在以下方面具有特定的专业知识 实施新冠肺炎对物质和精神健康结果的调查以及时间序列的经验 创伤应激人群的数据收集。这项拟议的研究是一项重要贡献 促进我们对AUD、PTSD和RISK之间复杂的相互关系的理解 新冠肺炎大流行背景下的行为，不仅确定谁处于危险之中，而且确定危险行为 发生。这些信息对于试图计划在卫生改革期间和之后采取公共卫生应对措施非常重要。 大流行。在职业发展奖的保护伞下，这个试点数据将为未来的大规模研究提供信息 和R级赠款，旨在识别和预防与新冠肺炎相关的影响，进一步定位PI 通过调整正在进行的培训来继续这一工作，以应对医学大流行和减少 与酒精相关的负担问题，符合NIAAA的研究重点。

Project Summary Beyond the impact of infection itself, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in far-reaching effects on behavioral, social, psychiatric, and substance use outcomes. Early data has documented increases in alcohol use in the wake of the pandemic, consistent with prior evidence of increased alcohol consumption during times of stress and following traumatic events. Immediate and downstream implications of increased alcohol use, and development of alcohol use disorder (AUD), on public health include the interplay between alcohol use and psychiatric distress (i.e., posttraumatic stress disorder; PTSD), potential for problematic alcohol use to increase behavioral risk for infection/transmission of COVID-19, and the possibility that weakened immune systems and health conditions associated with AUD may impact disease severity in those who develop COVID-19. The overarching goals of this K01 Supplement are twofold. First, this supplement aims to extend the PI's training to incorporate health impacts of AUD and how it relates to COVID-19 risk and severity, along with analytic training in longitudinal modeling and methodological training in an intensive time-series data collection method to try and develop a mechanistic understanding of the functional relations between alcohol use, PTSD, risky behaviors, and health outcomes. Second, two new research aims associated with these training aims were added which seek to address gaps in the current stress and alcohol use literature by leveraging an existing, longitudinal dataset, with prospective (i.e., pre-pandemic) data. The two new research aims are to 1) assess the immediate, and trajectory of, COVID-19 impacts on alcohol phenotypes (e.g., consumption, binge drinking, problems) in comparison to pre-pandemic data and 2) in the context of COVID-19 as an ongoing stressor, collect repeated, time-series data to examine the temporal relations between alcohol phenotypes, PTSD, and COVID-specific risky behaviors (e.g., lack of social distancing). To achieve these training and research aims, an additional mentor with expertise in both the health impact of AUD and COVID-19 treatment trials has been added to the multidisciplinary mentorship team. Further, the PI's primary K01 mentor has specific expertise in the implementation of COVID-19 surveys on substance and mental health outcomes and experience with time-series data collection in traumatic stress populations. The proposed research represents an important contribution towards advancing our understanding of the complicated interrelationship between AUD, PTSD, and risky behaviors in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic to determine not only who is at risk, but when risk behaviors occur. This information will be important for attempts to plan for a public health response during and after the pandemic. Under the umbrella of a career development award, this pilot data will inform future large-scale studies and R-level grants aimed at identification and prevention of COVID-19-related impact, further positioning the PI to continue this line of work by adapting ongoing training to be responsive to medical pandemics and decrease the burden of alcohol-related problems, consistent with NIAAA research priority.