Immune Responses to Malaria, HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Immunization

摘要(总体) 疟疾、艾滋病毒/艾滋病和Covid是影响数百万人的三种最具破坏性的传染病 世界范围内。针对引起这些疾病的病原体的有效疫苗(艾滋病毒、SARS-CoV-2和 恶性疟原虫)已被证明难以捉摸和/或受到病原体变异的影响，因此也受到传统疫苗的影响 在根除这些疾病方面，方法不太可能成功。除了我们对 期望的免疫反应，以提供对病原体的保护，以及我们有限的诱导能力 由于病原体、人类群体、环境的多样性，疫苗的效力也会受到影响 暴露和健康状况。这里描述的项目旨在支持免疫的识别 与疫苗效力相关并可能与预防HIV-1和SARS相关的概况 CoV-2和恶性疟原虫感染。除了与这些疾病作斗争的重要性外， 分析应对感染和疫苗接种的免疫状况有望获得对 人类免疫系统的复杂性。这些见解有可能对疫苗战略产生影响。 用于开发和生产针对许多疾病的新疗法。

ABSTRACT (Overall) Malaria, HIV/AIDS, and Covid are three of the most devastating infectious diseases, impacting millions of people world-wide. Effective vaccines against the pathogens that cause these diseases (HIV, SARS-CoV-2 and Plasmodium falciparum) have proven elusive and/or affected by pathogen variation and thus traditional vaccine approaches are unlikely to succeed in eradicating these diseases. In addition to our limited understanding of the desired immune responses to confer protection against the pathogens and our limited ability to elicit such responses, vaccine efficacy is also confounded by the diversity of pathogens, human populations, environmental exposures, and health status. The projects described herein are designed to support the identification of immune profiles that correlate with vaccine efficacy and are of potential relevance to protection against HIV-1, SARS CoV-2 and P. falciparum infection. Beyond the importance of combatting these diseases, the strategies for profiling immunity in response to infection and vaccination hold promise for garnering fundamental insights into the complexity of the human immune system. Such insights have the potential to impact strategies for vaccine development and for producing new therapies for many diseases.