Organization and Function of Visual Cortical Feedback Systems

项目摘要 视觉感知是通过视网膜、视皮层和大脑皮质神经元之间的复杂相互作用来调节的。 皮质下的大脑结构。视觉对人类和其他灵长类动物的重要性反映在 大脑皮层中用于处理视觉信息的比例很大。因此，视觉上的缺陷 加工是特别衰弱的，不仅是眼睛的异常，皮质也是如此。 电路。例如，儿童时期的斜视或弱视会对大脑皮质产生长期的影响。 处理视觉信息的电路。也有证据表明，某些形式的阅读障碍是由中枢 视觉系统异常。神经系统的功能依赖于复杂的相互作用。 在由多个皮质区域的多个神经元类型组成的神经元网络之间。建议数 研究旨在揭示本地和远程反馈的组织和功能影响 在老鼠的视觉皮质区域内和之间的连接。这些研究是在小鼠身上进行的 一系列分子、遗传和病毒工具的优势，可用于阐明大脑回路和 使用光遗传和成像方法将它们与功能联系起来。这两个目标将揭示：精细尺度 连接皮层2/3和5的V1微电路的组织，以及来自 第5层到第2/3层；以及皮质反馈的组织原则和功能影响。

Project Summary Visual perception is mediated by complex interactions amongst neurons in the retina, visual cortex, and subcortical brain structures. The importance of vision to humans and other primates is reflected in the enormous percentage of cerebral cortex devoted to processing visual information. Thus, deficits in visual processing are particularly debilitating and arise from abnormalities not only in the eye, but also in cortical circuitry. For example, strabismus or amblyopia during childhood can have long-lasting effects on the cortical circuits that process visual information. There is also evidence that some forms of dyslexia result from central visual system abnormalities. The function of the nervous system is dependent on complex interactions between networks of neurons composed of multiple neuron types across multiple cortical areas. The proposed studies are aimed at revealing the organization and functional impact of local and long-distance feedback connections within and between mouse visual cortical areas. These studies are conducted in mice to take advantage of the range of molecular, genetic, and viral tools that can be used to elucidate brain circuits and link them to function using optogenetic and imaging methods. The 2 aims will reveal: the fine-scale organization of V1 microcircuits linking cortical layers 2/3 and 5, and the functional impact of feedback from layer 5 to layer 2/3; and the organizational principles and functional impact of cortico-cortical feedback.