Mechanisms of replication fork protection and recovery
Mechanisms of replication fork protection and recovery
批准号:
10548855
负责人:
Alessandro Vindigni
金额:
$50.31万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2020
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
未结题
起止时间:
2020-02-12 至 2025-01-31
关键词:
AddressBRCA deficientBRCA1 geneBiological AssayCell LineCell physiologyCellsChemoresistanceCollectionCytoprotectionDNADNA DamageDNA RepairDNA biosynthesisDNA replication forkDevelopmentElectron MicroscopyExcisionFiberGenomeGenome StabilityGenomic InstabilityGenotoxic StressGoalsLaboratoriesLinkMediatingModelingMolecularPALB2 genePathway interactionsPharmaceutical PreparationsPhosphotransferasesPlayPoly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase InhibitorPositioning AttributeProtein AnalysisProteinsProteomicsRecoveryResectedResistanceRoleSignal PathwaySignal TransductionTestingTherapeuticcancer cellcancer therapyexperiencegenome integrityimprovedmutantnovel therapeutic interventionnucleasepreservationpreventprotective factorsprotective pathwayrecruitrepairedreplication stresssingle moleculetumorubiquitin-protein ligase
中文摘要
综述:许多现代化疗药物可通过诱导DNA损伤或干扰DNA来杀死癌细胞
复制、复制和分叉可以逆转这一趋势,以帮助帮助修复因化疗、化疗和化疗而导致的DNA损伤。
BRCA的蛋白质是保护被颠倒的分叉免受核溶解物质降解的关键物质。在没有BRCA的情况下,是这样的。
反转复制的叉子被核酸酶广泛降解,从而导致对化疗的敏感性。此外,
化疗耐药一直被认为与BRCA缺陷的干细胞恢复的能力有关,以保护叉子不受生物退化的影响。
通过各种机制,这一点仍然不清楚。因此,我们无法理解细胞如何保护停滞不前的DNA和复制。
而促进他们的癌症康复对于他们开发新的技术和完善他们的癌症治疗策略至关重要。
在这项申请中,我们将结合邹丽红实验室和文迪尼实验室的专业知识来进一步调查这些机制。
在BRCA1-熟练的DNA(Aim-1)和缺乏DNA的细胞(Aim-2)的细胞中,DNA的复制将产生保护机制和修复机制。
邹丽红的实验室在研究ATR信号转导途径方面拥有丰富的实验经验,这是在实验过程中保持基因组水平稳定的关键。
DNA用于复制。维迪格尼实验室的研究人员已经发现了分叉和逆转途径的主要步骤。在共同努力下,。
我们已经发现了大量参与分叉保护的新的金融参与者。我们正在进行初步的金融研究,以引导我们采取行动。
AIM 1,我们发现ATR在保护停滞/逆转的复制分叉方面发挥着以前未被认识到的重要作用。
从核溶解到降解,在精通BRCA1的细胞中。我们还表明,要想获得更高的效率,ATR是不必要的。
复苏停滞不前的分叉。根据这一前提,我们假设ATR在当地发挥作用,而不是复制停滞的分叉。
为了更好地保护他们免受药物溶解和降解的影响,以及为了促进他们在药物移除后的重新启动,他们的目标是1%。
在BRCA1中确定ATR保护停滞/倒车分叉和促进分叉和重启分叉的机制--
熟练的叉子。在最新的初步研究中,我们还没有调查过如何保护停滞不前的叉子。
以及它们如何在缺乏BRCA1的细胞中恢复细胞。我们发现,在BRCA1中,它们的复制和分叉被广泛降解。
有缺陷的干细胞可以通过一条由RAD18基因和UBC13基因介导的新途径来恢复细胞。此外,当BRCA1-?
有缺陷的细胞可以获得PARP抑制剂的耐药性,而不是通过依赖PALB2的细胞机制来恢复对PARP的保护。
这依赖于ATR的活性。值得注意的是,UBC13和PALB2在功能上都与的E3泛素连接酶有关。
RNF168,这增加了UBC13,RNF168,和PALB2可能会在同一条主轴上采取行动,以保护停滞不前的叉子的可能性。
并将独立于BRCA1推动经济复苏。我们假设UBC13和PALB2都有。
在BRCA1基因缺失的情况下,在恢复/保护机制的分叉中扮演了意想不到的角色,它们的主要功能可能无法通过协议联系在一起。
他们还将调查UBC13如何促进BRCA1缺陷的血细胞的恢复,以及PALB2是如何发挥作用的。
ATR将保护BRCA1缺陷的PARP耐药细胞中停滞不前的分叉,以及是否存在UBC13-RNF168-
在BRCA1基本缺席的情况下,PALB2的轴心既促进了保护的分叉,也促进了恢复的分叉。他们共同完成了这些研究。
将在BRCA1-熟练的细胞和缺乏细胞的细胞中改变目前的分叉、稳定和复苏的模式,并提供
这是一种新的治疗药物策略的机械性基础,它可以利用癌症细胞的新复制和压力机制。
英文摘要
Summary: Many chemotherapeutics kill cancer cells by inducing DNA damage interfering with DNA
replication. Replication forks can reverse to aid the repair of DNA damage induced by chemotherapeutics, and
BRCA proteins are key to protecting the reversed forks from nucleolytic degradation. In absence of BRCA,
reversed replication forks are extensively degraded by nucleases, leading to chemosensitivity. Moreover,
chemoresistance has been linked to the restored ability of BRCA-deficient cells to protect forks from degradation
through mechanisms that remain unclear. Thus, understanding how cells protect stalled DNA replication forks
and promote their recovery is critically important for developing and improving strategies for cancer therapy. In
this application, we combine the expertise from the Zou and Vindigni laboratories to investigate the mechanisms
of DNA replication fork protection and recovery in BRCA1-proficient (Aim 1) and -deficient (Aim 2) cells. The
Zou lab has extensive experience in the ATR signaling pathway, which is crucial for stabilizing the genome during
DNA replication. The Vindigni lab has discovered principal steps of the fork reversal pathway. Working together,
we have uncovered a number of new players involved in fork protection. In the preliminary studies leading to
Aim 1, we found that ATR plays a previously unrecognized role in protecting stalled/reversed replication forks
from nucleolytic degradation in BRCA1-proficient cells. We also showed that ATR is required for the efficient
recovery of stalled forks. Based on this premise, we hypothesize that ATR acts locally at stalled replication forks
to protect reversed forks from nucleolytic degradation and to promote their restart after drug removal. Aim 1 will
determine the mechanisms by which ATR protects stalled/reversed forks and promotes fork restart in BRCA1-
proficient cells. In the preliminary studies leading to Aim 2, we have investigated how stalled forks are protected
and how they recover in cells lacking BRCA1. We found that extensively degraded replication forks in BRCA1-
deficient cells can recover through a pathway mediated by Rad18 and Ubc13. Furthermore, when BRCA1-
deficient cells acquire PARP inhibitor resistance, fork protection is restored via a PALB2-dependent mechanism,
which relies on ATR activity. Notably, both Ubc13 and PALB2 are functionally linked to the E3 ubiquitin ligase
RNF168, raising the possibility that Ubc13, RNF168, and PALB2 may act in the same axis to protect stalled forks
and promote fork recovery independently of BRCA1. We hypothesize that both Ubc13 and PALB2 have
unanticipated roles in fork recovery/protection in the absence of BRCA1, and their functions may be linked by
RNF168. Aim 2 will investigate how Ubc13 promotes fork recovery in BRCA1-deficient cells, how PALB2 and
ATR protect stalled forks in BRCA1-deficient PARP inhibitor-resistant cells, and whether a Ubc13-RNF168-
PALB2 axis promotes both fork protection and fork recovery in the absence of BRCA1. Collectively, these studies
will transform current models of fork stabilization and recovery in BRCA1-proficient and -deficient cells, providing
a mechanistic basis for new therapeutic strategies that exploit the replication stress in cancer cells.
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会议论文
Mechanisms of replication fork protection and recovery
-
批准号:10333344
-
项目类别:
-
资助金额:$50.31万
-
财政年份:2020
-
负责人:Alessandro Vindigni
-
依托单位:
Replication fork repriming versus reversal
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批准号:10544811
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$33.54万
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财政年份:2019
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负责人:Alessandro Vindigni
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依托单位:
Replication fork repriming versus reversal
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批准号:10331777
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$34.55万
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财政年份:2019
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负责人:Alessandro Vindigni
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依托单位:
Replication fork repriming versus reversal
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批准号:10084167
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$36.26万
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财政年份:2019
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负责人:Alessandro Vindigni
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依托单位:
New Mechanisms of Replication Stress Response
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批准号:8788418
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$28.79万
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财政年份:2014
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负责人:Alessandro Vindigni
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依托单位:
New Mechanisms of Replication Stress Response
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批准号:8612634
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$28.79万
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财政年份:2014
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负责人:Alessandro Vindigni
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依托单位:
海外基金