The Effect of Antenatal Maternal Cannabis Use on Parenting Behavior

项目总结 随着美国大麻政策转向自由化，成人使用大麻的规范和行为 以同样的方式转移。这包括父母使用，这在频率和流行率上都在增加。虽然某些赤字 已经在吸食大麻的父母的孩子身上发现，这些关联天生就受到 父母和孩子的社会环境造成的混乱，以及因果推理的潜力一直有限。 父母报告使用大麻来应对压力，但大麻和压力之间的关系是复杂的和高度的 依赖于社会环境。父母使用大麻的模式反映了现有的健康不平等。 理论社会流行病学模型表明，使用药物作为一种应对压力的机制既是一种 反映健康不平等和健康差距的原因，在这方面可能会进一步加剧 代际影响。来自发展心理学的理论模型和经验证据 强调物质使用、压力和社会环境在育儿方面的重要作用和相互作用。 这项指导研究科学家发展奖(K01)将支持候选人的职业生涯 作为一名独立的跨学科研究人员，研究产生差距和 在整个生命过程中物质使用、治疗和后果方面的不平等。该奖项将支持 候选人的短期目标是了解与大麻相关的危害的代际传播。这 应用程序旨在帮助更清楚地了解不同家庭之间的复杂关系 中国的社会环境、母体大麻使用、父母行为和母婴关系 产后六个月。具体目标是：1)了解前六个月母亲吸食大麻的影响 产后几个月对父母养育行为和母婴互动的影响 在压力、使用大麻和养育子女之间的关系中的歧视；以及3)表征动机 通过定性访谈了解产妇使用大麻的情况。未来的研究目标将会被探索。 使用大麻的孕妇的纵向队列，跟踪母亲和婴儿直到一年 产后。结果将使用定性和定量技术进行评估，包括面谈、 调查、行为观察和生物标记物测量。通过专注于多个级别的可修改 对母亲使用大麻、育儿和母婴关系的影响，包括行为和 生物途径，这项研究的结果有可能提供独特的机会来解决 在围绕成人大麻使用的社会和法律规范不断变化的背景下，孕产妇和儿童健康。这 研究旨在解决NIDA战略计划的目标4.1，以确定药物使用的影响 以及对个人、家庭、同龄人和社会的上瘾。该培训计划旨在为 作为物质使用的跨学科研究人员的候选人，通过补充她的背景 社会流行病学和二级数据分析，以及压力研究和初级数据收集方面的培训。

PROJECT SUMMARY As United States cannabis policy shifts toward liberalization, norms and behaviors around adult use have shifted in kind. This includes parent use, which is increasing in frequency and prevalence. While certain deficits have been found in children of parents who use cannabis, these associations are inherently subject to confounding by parents and children’s social environments, and potential for causal inference has been limited. Parents report using for stress-coping, but the relationship between cannabis and stress is complex and highly dependent on social context. Patterns of cannabis use among parents mirror existing health inequities. Theoretical social epidemiologic models suggest that drug use as a stress-coping mechanism is both a reflection of health inequities and cause of health disparities, which may be further exacerbated in the context of intergenerational effects. Theoretical models and empirical evidence from developmental psychology underline the important and interacting roles of substance use, stress and the social environment on parenting. This Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) will support the Candidate’s career development as an independent interdisciplinary researcher in modifiable factors that produce disparities and inequities in substance use, treatment and consequences across the life course. The award will support the Candidate’s short-term goal of understanding the intergenerational transmission of cannabis-related harm. This application aims to contribute a clearer understanding of the complex relationships between diverse families’ social environments, maternal cannabis use, parenting behaviors, and the maternal-infant relationship in the six months postpartum. Specific aims are to 1) understand the impact of maternal cannabis use in the first six months postpartum on parenting behaviors and maternal-infant interaction; 2) understand the influence of discrimination in the relationship between stress, cannabis use and parenting; and 3) characterize motivations for maternal cannabis use through qualitative interviews. Research aims will be explored in a prospective longitudinal cohort of pregnant women who use cannabis, following mothers and infants until one year postpartum. Outcomes will be assessed using qualitative and quantitative techniques, including interviews, surveys, behavioral observation, and biomarker measurement. By focusing on multiple levels of modifiable influence on maternal cannabis use, parenting and the maternal-infant relationship, including behavioral and biological pathways, results from this research have the potential to provide unique opportunities to address maternal and child health in the context of shifting social and legal norms surrounding adult cannabis use. This research is designed to address the Objective 4.1 of NIDA’s strategic plan to determine the impact of drug use and addiction on individuals, families, peers and society. The training plan is designed to prepare the Candidate for a career as an interdisciplinary researcher in substance use by supplementing her background in social epidemiology and secondary data analysis with training in stress research and primary data collection.