BODY COMPOSITION CHANGES IN THE ELDERLY

身体成分的显著变化与健康有关 据信影响发生在老年人中。了解这些变化 对于诊断、诊断和治疗 健康问题老年人的许多健康问题是可以预防的， 通过营养调节缓解，但更好地了解 身体成分变化的性质、程度和潜在生理学是 这种干预措施要取得成功。目前很少有 老年人身体成分的数据，特别是那些年龄较大的人， 年龄超过75岁，部分原因是传统的身体评估方法 由于技术和概念上的原因，组合物难以应用。 因此，我们对身体的关系知之甚少 营养、功能或健康状况， 住院、自由生活的老年人。从青年研究中获得的知识 中年人不应该被认为适用于老年人， 他们作为一个群体，由于一生积累的 生物学和历史经验。纵向研究包括 一系列广泛的营养、生理和行为指标 需要确定身体成分变化的复杂作用， 衰老的过程身体的“自然历史”知识 成分变化及其与其他营养和 健康因素可能导致对预防和治疗的新见解， 降低发病率和提高老年人的生活质量 人士 拟议研究的主要目标是确定： （B）老年人的组成随年龄而变化;（b）变化率 随着年龄的增长而加速;（c）老年人体内的变化 组成与合成代谢激素，血液 压力和脂质/脂蛋白胆固醇;以及（d）身体组成 预测福尔斯。整体和区域机构的年度、系列测定 组成将在大约500个自由生活，老年男子和 目前参与一项正在进行的纵向研究的妇女， 新墨西哥州老化过程研究，为期5年。这个群体是 选择是因为广泛的营养和健康信息已经被 在过去十年中为这些人收集的，并将继续 在研究期间收集。这将使拟议的研究 成本效益高。将有可能进行复杂的 回顾性，以及横断面和前瞻性分析， 与身体成分有关的因素。分析物体的新技术 在生理学上现实的多房室模型中， 应用，最大限度地提高准确度和精度，并允许估计 身体组成的多种成分尚未被研究 以前。 这是一项订正提案，以前曾于1992年10月审查过。

Significant changes in body composition that have important health related effects are believed to occur in the elderly. Knowledge of these changes is particularly important for diagnoses, prognoses, and treatment of health problems. Many health problems in the elderly could be prevented or alleviated by nutritional modulation, but better understanding of the nature, extent, and underlying physiology of body compositional changes is needed for such interventions to be successful. There are currently few data for body composition in the elderly, especially for those greater than 75 y in age, partly because conventional methods of assessing body composition are difficult to apply for technical and conceptual reasons. As a result, little is known regarding the relationships of body composition to nutritional, functional or health status in non- hospitalized, free-living elderly persons. Knowledge from studies of young and middle-aged populations should not be assumed to apply to the elderly, who are more heterogeneous as a group due to a life-time of accumulated biological and historical experiences. Longitudinal studies that include an extensive array of nutritional, physiological, and behavioral measures are needed to determine the complex role of body compositional changes in the aging process. Knowledge of the "natural history" of body compositional changes and their relationships to other nutritional and health factors could lead to new insights on prevention and treatment, the reduction of morbidity and extension of the quality of life of older persons. The primary goals of the proposed study are to determine whether: (a) body composition changes with age in elderly persons; (b)rates of change accelerate with age; (c) variation among elderly individuals in body composition is associated with levels of anabolic hormones, blood pressures, and lipid/lipoprotein cholesterols; and, (d) body composition predicts falls. Annual, serial determinations of whole and regional body composition will be made in approximately 500 free-living, elderly men and women who are presently participants in an on-going longitudinal study, the New Mexico Aging Process Study, over a 5 y period. This cohort was selected because extensive nutritional and health information has been collected over the past decade for these individuals and will continue to be collected over the study period. This will make the proposed study highly cost-efficient. It will be possible to conduct complex retrospective, as well as cross-sectional and prospective analyses of factors associated with body composition. New techniques of analyzing body composition in physiologically realistic multicompartmental models will be applied that maximize accuracy and precision, and that allow estimation of multiple components of body composition that have not been studied previously. This is a revised proposal, previously reviewed in October 1992.