Big Data and Machine Learning-enabled Automated BIM for Projects (Auto-BIM): A Common Data Collaborative System for Improved Project Performance

“BIM被吹捧为解决影响建筑行业生产力问题的有效方法。关于BIM的工作组假设，通过采用BIM，“通过使用开放共享的资产信息，可以实现成本、价值和碳绩效的显著改善”。为了加强BIM的效益，政府的《建设2025》将BIM列为实现成本降低33%、交付速度提高50%、排放量降低50%和出口提高50%的目标的关键因素。尽管BIM的采用有所增加，但企业仍然很难实施“真正的”BIM并实现预期的收益。这是因为命名惯例与PAS-1192一致，并且需要足够的建筑信息来配合协作环境中建筑材料/元素/产品的3d表示。对于那些已经克服了采用bim的障碍的组织来说，主要的挑战仍然是让每个人都参与到协作项目中来使用CDE，并确定不同方面和资产类型所需的确切级别（和特定）信息。因此，一些号称使用了BIM的项目，短期内没有为建设提供有用的信息，长期没有为资产管理提供数据，只是组装了数字信息。尽管存在这些挑战，但目前还没有工具来支持组织采用bim并遵守标准，利用以前的项目经验/历史数据，支持自动化建造-操作-建筑信息交换（COBie），并促进与产品制造商的供应链集成。在此基础上，该项目采用机器学习（ML）和大数据分析技术来创建一个创新工具（Auto-BIM），作为bim工具的插件。它由以下四个元素组成：1\。**自动命名- bim -model-in- cde方法(Auto-BIMName)- **这有助于项目团队按照PAS-1192和BS-EN-ISO-19650的要求来命名他们的文件。它还有助于自动映射标题块，目前这是在合作公司/发起人和角色之间手工完成的。**自动填充建筑信息（Auto-BIMPopulate）——**这将使用相关元数据预填充产品/元素的3d表示，包括Omniclass分类、型号、服务信息、材料等。这将促进项目沟通/协作的传统方法，并加速bim的采用和效益的实现。**自动共享bim对象和模型数据****(Auto-BIMShare)——** Auto-BIMShare提供了一个独特的平台，用于共享可重用的对象库和相关信息，以促进跨软件边界的公共语言。它还将为制造商提供机会，使他们的产品/材料可用于潜在的规格和买家。Auto-BIMShare将促进项目内/跨项目的设计、采购和维护/运营团队之间共同创建/共享信息。**BIM自动化学习平台（Auto-BIMLearn）——**BIM目前没有项目诊断能力。Auto-BIMLearn将利用历史数据、隐性知识（经验教训）和资产管理信息来支持设计、施工和资产管理决策。”

"BIM is touted as an effective way of addressing issues affecting the productivity of the construction industry. The task-force on BIM hypothesises that with BIM-adoption, ""significant improvement in cost, value and carbon-performance can be achieved through the use of open-sharable asset-information"". To reinforce its benefits, the government Construction-2025 lists BIM as a key-element for achieving its goal of 33% lower-cost, 50% faster-delivery, 50% lower-emissions and 50% improvement in export.Although there has been an increase in BIM-adoption, companies still find it difficult to implement the ""real"" BIM and realise the expected benefits. This is because of the naming convention in line with PAS-1192 and the need for adequate building-information to accompany 3D-representation of building materials/elements/products in a collaborative environment. For organisations that have surpassed the barrier to BIM-adoption, the main-challenge remains getting everyone involved in collaborative-projects to use CDE and to ascertain the exact-level of(and the specific) information required for different aspects and types of assets. Thus, some projects on which BIM is claimed to be used have only assembled digital information without providing useful information for construction, in the short-term, and data for asset-management in the long-term.Notwithstanding these challenges, there is currently no tool to support organisational BIM-adoption and compliance with the standard, leverage previous project lessons/historic data, support automated Construction-Operations-Building-Information-Exchange-(COBie) and facilitate supply-chain integration with product-manufacturers. Based on these, the project adopts techniques in Machine-Learning-(ML) and Big-Data-Analytics to create an innovative tool-(Auto-BIM) as a plug-in to BIM-tools. It consists of four-elements as follows:1\.**Automated-Naming-of-BIM-model-in-a-CDE-approach(Auto-BIMName)--**This helps project team to name their files in consistency/compliance with PAS-1192 and BS-EN-ISO-19650\. It would also help in automatically mapping the title-block, which is currently being done manually between collaborating companies/originators and roles.2\.**Automated-Population-of-Building-Information(Auto-BIMPopulate)--**This will prepopulate the 3D-representation of products/elements with relevant metadata including the Omniclass classification, model number, service information, materials, etc. This will facilitate a conventional approach to project communication/collaboration, and accelerate BIM-adoption and benefit-realisation.3\. **Automated-Sharing-of-BIM-Objects-and-Model-Data****(Auto-BIMShare)--**The Auto-BIMShare provides a unique platform for sharing reusable object library and associated information to facilitate common-language across software boundaries. It will also provide opportunities for manufacturers to make their products/materials available for potential specifiers and buyers. The Auto-BIMShare would facilitate co-creation/sharing of information between the design, procurement, and maintenance/operation team within/across projects4\.**Automated-BIM-learning-Platform(Auto-BIMLearn)--**BIM currently has no capacity for diagnosing projects. The Auto-BIMLearn would leverage on historical data, tacit knowledge(lesson-learnt) and asset management-information to support design, construction and asset management decisions."