CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF AQUATIC TOXINS

拟议的研究是阐明化学和生物合成的 对公众健康有严重影响的藻类和其他水生毒素。 化学工作旨在为设计提供基本信息 预防和治疗措施，并发现新的特定地点 毒素作为研究重要生物机制的工具， 神经受体如钠通道和谷氨酸受体。的 生物合成工作旨在阐明形成的位点， 独特的代谢途径。由此产生的信息 将有助于考虑这样的重要问题，如收购的合法性， 赤潮生物和海洋动物，以及大量生产的重要 海产品。 具体而言，1）的结构、分布和生物合成 兴奋性氨基酸，如软骨藻酸和红藻氨酸; 2）麻痹性 贝类毒素（PSP），如石房蛤毒素和gonyautoxins; 3）聚醚 毒素如短尾藻毒素和冈田酸衍生物; 4）蓝绿 藻类毒素，如氰菊糖和aphanorphin; 5）河豚毒素及其 将对衍生品进行研究。 这项工作将涉及生物体的培养、分析和纯化 用色谱法分析毒素，用现代方法进行结构解析 光谱方法如2D-NMR和X射线晶体学，以及同位素 使用稳定同位素和放射性同位素进行标记研究。分离 毒素将提供给神经生理学家进行药理学研究。

The proposed research is to elucidate the chemistry and biosynthesis of algal and other aquatic toxins which have serious impact on public health. The chemical work is intended to provide basic information to design preventive and curative measures, and also to discover new site-specific toxins as tools to investigate important biological mechanisms involving neural receptors such as sodium channels and glutamate receptors. The biosynthesis work is intended to elucidate the sites of formation and unique metabolic pathways in aquatic organisms. The resulting information will help to consider such important issues as the virulency acquisition of red tide organisms and marine animals, and the mass production of important marine products. Specifically, the structures, distribution, and biosynthesis of 1) excitatory amino acids such as domoic acid and kainic acid; 2) paralytic shellfish poisons (PSP) such as saxitoxin and gonyautoxins; 3) polyether toxins such as brevetoxins and okadaic acid derivatives; 4) blue-green algal toxins such as cyanoginosins and aphanorphin; 5) tetrodotoxin and its derivatives will be investigated. The work will involve the culturing of organisms, analysis and purification of toxins using chromatographic methods, structure elucidation by modern spectroscopic methods such as 2D-NMR and X-ray crystallography, and isotope labeling studies using both stable and radioactive isotopes. Isolated toxins will be provided to neurophysiologists for pharmacological studies.