NEW VITAMIN/COENZYME RELATIONSHIPS

拟议研究的目的是阐明生物化学， 生理学和新的辅酶和维生素的结构， 在产甲烷细菌中发现。在生物化学史上， 微生物在维生素的测定中起着关键作用， 在阐明维生素和辅酶的生物化学功能方面。 要完全理解细胞化学是很重要的， 缺陷产生疾病状态。到目前为止，6个新的结构 已经记载了产甲烷菌的辅酶。我们的目标是定义 二氧化碳还原为甲烷的生物化学过程， 需要这些辅酶的参与。的主要具体目标 这些应用是：（i）研究活化和还原 二氧化碳，导致形成甲酰基基团上的 辅酶，甲烷呋喃，二氧化碳固定的新方法;（ii） 研究连接在辅酶上的亚甲基的还原， 四氢甲氨蝶呤，并定义反应产物;（iii） 来定义参与这些酶的电子载体， 还原反应;（iv）研究还原再生的 巯基形式的两种辅酶（HS-CoM和7- 巯基庚酰基苏氨酸磷酸）与它们的杂二硫化物分离， 是末端产甲烷反应的氧化产物;（V）至 分离并确定生长所需的维生素的结构 移动的甲烷微菌 我们不能预测这些辅酶是否会用于化疗， 在人类疾病中的价值，或者它们是否只在一般情况下起作用， 了解生物化学。古细菌的发现 只有大约十年的历史，由于这些生物在许多方面都不同， 从典型的细菌，重要的是要充分记录他们的 生物化学和确定潜在的用途，以造福人类。

The purpose of the proposed research is to elucidate tho biochemistry, physiology, and structure of new coenzymes and vitamins that have been discovered in methanogenic bacteria. In the history of biochemistry, microbes have played a pivotal role in the assay of vitamins as well as in the elucidation of the biochemical function of vitamins and coenzymes. To completely understand cell chemistry is important, for biochemical deficiences produce a diseased state. So far the structures of 6 new coenzymes of methanogens have been documented. It is our goal to define the biochemistry of carbon dioxide reduction to methane, a process which requires the participation of these coenzyme. The major specific aims for this applications are; (i) to study the activation and reduction of carbon dioxide that leads to the formation of a formyl group on the coenzyme, methanofuran, a new method of carbon dioxide fixation; (ii) to study the reduction of a methylene group attached to the coenzyme, tetrahydromethanopterin, and define the products of the reaction; (iii) to define the electron carriers that are involved in these enzymatic reductive reactions; (iv) to study the reductive regeneration of the mercapto form of each of two coenzymes (HS-CoM and 7- mercaptoheptanoylthreonine phosphate) from their heterodisulfide, which is the oxidized product of the terminal methanogenic reaction; (v) to isolate and determine the structure of a vitamin required for the growth of Methanomicrobium mobile. We cannot predict whether these coenzymes will be of chemotherapeutic value in human disease, or whether they will contribute only in a general understanding of biochemistry. The discovery of the archaebacteria is only about a decade old, and since these organisms differ in many ways from typical bacterial, it is important to fully document their biochemistry and identify potential uses to benefit man.