LIGHT SCATTERING IN TUMOR AND NORMAL TISSUE MODELS

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）： 现在正在开发无需去除组织的组织诊断， 提供了优于标准技术的显著优点， 活检，无论是在病人护理和医疗费用方面。 比如说， 光学技术更快，不需要镇静剂， 与组织去除相关的诸如感染被消除。 广泛 已经研究了一系列用于组织诊断的技术，包括 拉曼、荧光和弹性散射光谱。 的潜力 弹性散射和荧光光谱已经在 体内临床试验 90岁以上的敏感性和特异性 百分位数已经报告了一些形式的膀胱癌， 食管基于经验确定的度量。 这项工作将侧重于 近紫外（NUV）连续波弹性散射光谱， 可见光和近红外（NIR）。 这项技术的优点是 实现简单且便宜，并且对形态学和生物学都敏感。 和组织的结构特征。 弹性光传输能力 在内窥镜兼容的几何结构中进行测量，以检测 将研究细胞的平均显微特征。 详细 将对体外组织的光散射特性进行研究 保留细胞的生物化学和形态学特征的模型 在组织中，但缺乏组织的额外复杂因素 结构和血管结构。 最初的实验将集中在 恶性和非恶性细胞散射和吸收特性 暂停。 随后，将进行弹性散射测量 使用具有可控异质性的更真实的组织模型， 多细胞球体。 实验工作将与 光传输的蒙特卡罗模拟。 这些模拟将用于 预测被测量介质的具体特性，例如 散射角的概率分布，散射体的密度， 并且不均匀性决定了弹性散射信号。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from Applicant's Abstract): Optical techniques for tissue diagnosis without removal of tissue are now being developed which offer significant advantages over standard techniques, such as tissue biopsy, both in terms of patient care and medical costs. For example, optical techniques are faster, sedatives are not needed, and complications associated with tissue removal such as infection are eliminated. A wide range of techniques has been investigated for tissue diagnosis including Raman, fluorescence, and elastic-scatter spectroscopy. The potential of elastic-scatter and fluorescence spectroscopy has been demonstrated in clinical trials in vivo. Sensitivities and specificities in the upper 90th percentile have been reported for some forms of cancer in the bladder and esophagus based on empirically determined metrics. This work will focus on continuous-wave elastic-scatter spectroscopy in the near-ultraviolet (NUV), visible, and near-infrared (NIR). This technique has the advantage of being simple and inexpensive to implement and is sensitive to both morphological and structural features of tissue. The ability of elastic-light transport measurements, made in endoscopically compatible geometries, to detect average microscopic features of cells will be investigated. A detailed study will be performed of light scattering properties of in vitro tissue models which retain biochemical and morphological characteristics of cells in tissues, but lack the additional complicating factors of tissue structure, and vascular architecture. Initial experiments will concentrate on scattering and absorption properties of malignant and nonmalignant cell suspensions. Subsequently, elastic-scatter measurements will be performed using more realistic tissue models that have controllable heterogeneity such as multicellular spheroids. The experimental work will be integrated with Monte Carlo simulations of light transport. These simulations will be used to predict how specific characteristics of the media being measured, such as the probability distribution of scattering angles, density of scatterers, and heterogeneities determine the elastic-scatter signal.